Katerndahl D A
Department of Family Practice, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7795.
J Fam Pract. 1991 Apr;32(4):391-6.
Health locus of control has significant implications for treatment response, compliance, patient education, and health maintenance. Because of the association between locus of control and anxiety, this study was conducted to determine the health locus of control (HLOC) in patients with panic attacks, changes in HLOC through treatment of panic attacks, and the relationship between HLOC and phobic avoidance.
The HLOC and panic screening questionnaires were administered to 50 patients complaining of a panic-related symptom or condition known to be associated with panic, and to 119 randomly selected patients. Nineteen patients with panic attacks were later reevaluated to determine if there had been a change in locus of control.
Stepwise multiple regression demonstrated that panic attacks, educational level, and being divorced significantly predicted HLOC (F = 5.66, P less than or equal to .0001). An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that resolution of panic attacks was associated with a greater decrease in the HLOC score (F = 4.68, P less than or equal to .05). Phobic avoidance was also associated with greater levels of externality (r = .48, P less than or equal to .05) and correlated with HLOC in response to treatment.
This study suggests there is a significant relationship between HLOC and panic attacks, and between HLOC and phobic avoidance. Panic resolution is associated with a decrease in externality. Measurement of HLOC may be helpful in assessing the treatment response of patients who have panic attacks.
健康控制点对治疗反应、依从性、患者教育和健康维持具有重要意义。由于控制点与焦虑之间存在关联，本研究旨在确定惊恐发作患者的健康控制点（HLOC）、惊恐发作治疗过程中HLOC的变化，以及HLOC与恐惧回避之间的关系。
对50名主诉有与惊恐相关症状或已知与惊恐有关的疾病的患者，以及119名随机选择的患者进行HLOC和惊恐筛查问卷调查。随后对19名惊恐发作患者进行重新评估，以确定控制点是否发生了变化。
逐步多元回归分析表明，惊恐发作、教育水平和离婚显著预测HLOC（F = 5.66，P≤.0001）。协方差分析（ANCOVA）显示，惊恐发作的缓解与HLOC得分的更大降低相关（F = 4.68，P≤.05）。恐惧回避也与更高水平的外部性相关（r =.48，P≤.05），并且在治疗反应中与HLOC相关。
本研究表明，HLOC与惊恐发作之间以及HLOC与恐惧回避之间存在显著关系。惊恐症状的缓解与外部性的降低相关。测量HLOC可能有助于评估惊恐发作患者的治疗反应。
