Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
Mov Disord. 2010 Feb 15;25(3):394-7. doi: 10.1002/mds.22968.
Focal task-specific dystonia (FTSD) occurs exclusively during a specific activity that usually involves a highly skilled movement. Classical FTSD dystonias include writer's cramp and musician's dystonia. Few cases of sport-related dystonia have been reported. We describe the first four cases of FTSD related to table tennis (TT), two involving professional international competitors. We also systematically analyzed the literature for reports of sport-related dystonia including detailed clinical descriptions. We collected a total of 13 cases of sport-related dystonia, including our four TT players. Before onset, all the patients had trained for many years, for a large number of hours per week. Practice time had frequently increased significantly in the year preceding onset. As TT is characterized by highly skilled hand/forearm movements acquired through repetitive exercises, it may carry a higher risk of FTSD than other sports. Intensive training may result in maladaptive responses and overwhelm homeostatic mechanisms that regulate cortical plasticity in vulnerable individuals. Our findings support the importance of environmental risk factors in sport-related FTSD, as also suggested in classical FTSD, and have important implications for clinical practice.
局限性任务特异性运动障碍（FTSD）仅在特定活动中发生，该活动通常涉及高度熟练的运动。经典的 FTSD 包括书写痉挛和音乐家手。运动相关性 dystonia 的病例很少见。我们描述了与乒乓球（TT）相关的 FTSD 的前四个病例，其中两个涉及专业国际运动员。我们还系统地分析了与运动相关的 dystonia 的文献报告，包括详细的临床描述。我们共收集了 13 例与运动相关的 dystonia，包括我们的 4 名 TT 运动员。发病前，所有患者都经过多年、每周大量小时的训练。在发病前的一年中，练习时间经常显著增加。由于 TT 的特点是通过重复练习获得的高度熟练的手/前臂运动，因此它可能比其他运动具有更高的 FTSD 风险。密集训练可能导致适应不良的反应，并破坏调节皮质可塑性的体内平衡机制，而皮质可塑性在易感性个体中。我们的发现支持环境风险因素在运动相关性 FTSD 中的重要性，这与经典的 FTSD 也有关，对临床实践有重要意义。
