Depression and Sleep Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;11(2):129-40. doi: 10.3109/15622970903522501.
Lay and scientific opinion alike hold that physical activity is efficient as both remedy and preventative measure for poor sleep. There is evidence that strenuous exercising of adolescent elite athletes leads to favourable sleep patterns. However, research on this in non-elite athletes is limited. The aim of the present study was to compare sleep-EEG patterns of higher leisure time exercisers and controls.
A total 38 adolescents (M = 18.59) took part in the study; 17 were high, and 21 were low exercisers. Mean weekly exercise duration was 8.5 h for high and 2 h for low exercisers. Sleep-EEG recordings were performed following a day without exercise. Participants also completed questionnaires regarding their psychological functioning.
Compared to low exercisers, high exercisers had more slow wave sleep, and less light and REM sleep, higher scores for positive coping and curiosity, and lower scores for depressive symptoms and somatosensory amplification. Multiple regression analyses showed that weekly exercise duration predicted shortened SOL, low number of awakenings, and increased slow wave sleep.
Regular, though not necessarily vigorous, exercise is related to improvement in objective sleep patterns and better psychological functioning. Regular physical activity should be promoted and access to sports facilities should be facilitated.
无论是从一般观点还是科学观点来看，体力活动对于改善睡眠质量都具有显著效果，无论是作为治疗手段还是预防措施都效果显著。有证据表明，青少年精英运动员的剧烈运动可以导致睡眠模式的有利变化。然而，关于非精英运动员的相关研究有限。本研究的目的是比较高水平休闲时间锻炼者和对照组的睡眠脑电图模式。
共有 38 名青少年（M=18.59）参加了这项研究；17 人是高锻炼者，21 人是低锻炼者。高锻炼者的平均每周锻炼时间为 8.5 小时，而低锻炼者的平均每周锻炼时间为 2 小时。在没有运动的一天进行睡眠脑电图记录。参与者还完成了关于他们心理功能的问卷。
与低锻炼者相比，高锻炼者的慢波睡眠更多，浅睡和 REM 睡眠更少，积极应对和好奇心的评分更高，抑郁症状和躯体感觉放大的评分更低。多元回归分析表明，每周锻炼时间与缩短的入睡潜伏期、觉醒次数减少和慢波睡眠增加有关。
有规律的、但不一定剧烈的运动与改善客观睡眠模式和更好的心理功能有关。应促进有规律的体育活动，并为体育设施提供便利。
