Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Jan;125(1):50-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.11.019.
Much knowledge has been gained about the multifaceted functions of dendritic cells (DCs). The central role of various DC subtypes as bridges between innate and adaptive immunity has become more and more evident. However, a high number of differences exist in the expression of pattern-recognition receptors, the first sensors of the innate immune system, in particular Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by distinct DC subtypes (including myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs), their maturation stage, and tissue distribution, as well as state of health or disease. Furthermore, a plethora of variations in human and murine model systems have to be considered. This review sheds some light on this complex and rapidly growing field. It summarizes the most recent findings and deals with the role of TLR-expressing DCs as promoters of chronic inflammatory immune responses in patients with atopic dermatitis, as well as tolerogenic pathways. Therefore TLR-bearing DCs represent promising targets, which might help to improve tolerance induction during immunotherapeutic approaches in the future.
人们对树突状细胞（DCs）的多方面功能有了更多的了解。各种 DC 亚型作为先天免疫和适应性免疫之间桥梁的核心作用变得越来越明显。然而，不同的 DC 亚型（包括髓样和浆细胞样 DC）、其成熟阶段、组织分布以及健康或疾病状态下，其先天免疫系统的第一传感器模式识别受体（TLR）的表达存在着大量差异。此外，还必须考虑到人类和鼠类模型系统中的大量变化。这篇综述就这一复杂且快速发展的领域进行了阐述。它总结了最新的发现，并讨论了表达 TLR 的 DC 作为特应性皮炎患者慢性炎症性免疫反应的促进者以及耐受原性途径的作用。因此，携带 TLR 的 DC 是很有前途的靶点，这可能有助于在未来的免疫治疗方法中提高诱导耐受的能力。
