Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2010 Feb-Mar;31(2):107-15. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181cdaad6.
Although maternal smoking has been associated with child emotional and behavioral problems, to our knowledge, no study has evaluated the association between overall household smoking and such problems.
To investigate whether children who live with smokers are more likely than children who do not live with smokers to have emotional or behavioral problems and to explore this association in households with nonsmoking mothers.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Nationally representative data from the 2000 to 2004 medical expenditure panel surveys, involving 30,668 children aged 5 to 17 years, were used. Associations between child emotional or behavioral problems and household smoking, and child, maternal, and family characteristics were examined. SUDAAN software was used to adjust for complex sampling design.
Overall score on the Columbia Impairment Scale, a 13-item parent-report measure of child emotional or behavioral functioning (range, 0-52, >or=16 indicates a child with such problems).
Children in smoking versus nonsmoking households were significantly more likely to have behavioral problems (17.39% vs 9.29%, p < .001). After adjusting for all covariates, male sex, older age of child, younger age of mother, unmarried mother, maternal depression, and below average maternal physical and mental health, each were independently associated with increased likelihood of emotional and behavioral problems, as was the presence of one or more adult smokers in the household (adjusted odds ratio 1.42; 95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.60). The odds of Columbia Impairment Scale score >or=16 increased with increasing number of smokers in the household, even among children whose mothers did not smoke.
Children living with smokers are at increased risk for emotional or behavioral problems, and rates of such problems increase with increasing numbers of smokers in the household, even in the absence of maternal smoking.
尽管母亲吸烟与儿童的情绪和行为问题有关，但据我们所知，尚无研究评估整体家庭吸烟与这些问题之间的关系。
调查生活在吸烟者家庭中的儿童与不生活在吸烟者家庭中的儿童相比，是否更有可能出现情绪或行为问题，并探讨在不吸烟母亲的家庭中存在这种关联。
设计、地点和参与者：使用了 2000 年至 2004 年医疗支出面板调查的全国代表性数据，涉及 30668 名 5 至 17 岁的儿童。调查了儿童情绪或行为问题与家庭吸烟以及儿童、母亲和家庭特征之间的关系。使用 SUDAAN 软件对复杂抽样设计进行了调整。
哥伦比亚损伤量表的总分，这是一个 13 项的父母报告的儿童情绪或行为功能的衡量指标（范围为 0-52，>或=16 表示存在此类问题的儿童）。
与不吸烟家庭相比，吸烟家庭的儿童更有可能出现行为问题（17.39%比 9.29%，p<0.001）。在调整了所有协变量后，男孩、儿童年龄较大、母亲年龄较小、未婚母亲、母亲抑郁、母亲身心健康水平低于平均水平，以及家庭中有一个或多个成人吸烟者，这些因素都与情绪和行为问题的发生几率增加独立相关（调整后的优势比为 1.42；95%置信区间：1.26-1.60）。即使儿童的母亲不吸烟，家庭中吸烟者的数量越多，哥伦比亚损伤量表评分>或=16 的几率也会增加。
生活在吸烟者家庭中的儿童患情绪或行为问题的风险增加，而且即使在没有母亲吸烟的情况下，家庭中吸烟者的数量增加，此类问题的发生率也会增加。
