Cracchiolo A, Goldberg L
Arthritis Rheum. 1977 Jul-Aug;20(6):1206-12. doi: 10.1002/art.1780200608.
Puncture wounds were cuased in 9 patients by sea urchin spines and 1 patient by a date palm thorn. All 10 patients developed local inflammatory reactions, which were moderate to severe in 7. Two patients exhibited severe systemic illnesses, and a marked synovitis was present in 2 others. Several of the patients presented as difficult diagnostic problems with signs and symptoms suggestive of an arthritic disease. Six required surgical removal of the foreign body.