Persu C, Caun V, Dragomiriţeanu I, Geavlete P
Urology Department, Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan-Bârzeşti Street, District 4, Bucharest, Romania.
J Med Life. 2009 Jul-Sep;2(3):296-302.
Traumatic spinal cord injury is a very comprehensive subject, debated in many scientific papers. It interests various medical specialties, but also other sciences, like economy, psychology or social science. The patient having a motoric disability, with sphincter troubles and other associated pathologies secondary to a traumatic lesion of the spinal cord, represented a social problem from the antiquity. The first centers dedicated exclusively to these patients were established during Napoleon. Nevertheless, a systematic approach to these patients was not possible before the end of the Second World War, when scientific and economic development made possible the establishment of medical facilities specialized in the complex evaluation and treatment of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Between the two world wars, physicians were concentrating their efforts to keep these patients alive, considering that the main target was to treat or prevent complications which could be fatal to the patient. The first scientific papers underlining the essential place of lower urinary tract disorders in the vital prognostic of the SCI patient are dating back to this time. In modern times, the target for every patient with SCI should be social reinsertion and obtaining as much autonomy as possible. The physician needs to tune up his treatment according to this factor. The continuous evolution of medicine, alongside with technical progress and the development of modern social security have created the premises for a real quality of life of the paraplegic or even quadriplegic patient. The lower urinary tract becomes not only a key for prolonged survival, but also one of the most important elements for social reinsertion.
创伤性脊髓损伤是一个非常综合的课题，许多科学论文都对此进行过探讨。它不仅引起了各个医学专科的关注，还涉及其他学科，如经济学、心理学或社会科学。脊髓创伤性损伤继发运动功能障碍、括约肌问题及其他相关病症的患者，自古以来就是一个社会问题。专门收治这些患者的首批中心是在拿破仑时期建立的。然而，在第二次世界大战结束之前，对这些患者进行系统治疗是不可能的，当时的科学和经济发展使得建立专门从事脊髓损伤（SCI）患者综合评估和治疗的医疗设施成为可能。在两次世界大战之间，医生们致力于维持这些患者的生命，认为主要目标是治疗或预防可能对患者致命的并发症。强调下尿路疾病在SCI患者生命预后中重要地位的首批科学论文可追溯到那个时期。在现代，每个SCI患者的目标都应该是重新融入社会并尽可能获得自主能力。医生需要根据这一因素调整治疗方案。医学的不断发展，连同技术进步和现代社会保障的发展，为截瘫甚至四肢瘫患者真正的生活质量创造了条件。下尿路不仅成为延长生存期的关键，也是重新融入社会的最重要因素之一。
