Jeger Franziska, Lussi Adrian, Zimmerli Brigitte
Klinik für Zahnerhaltung, Präventiv-und Kinderzahnmedizin, Zahnmedizinische Kliniken der Universität Bern.
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2009;119(6):615-31.
Oral jewelry is popular. One of the most widely spread types are so-called tooth diamonds made of composite materials which are applied to the teeth with an adhesive. Note that parents are required to sign a release form for under-aged patients in Switzerland. Tooth cap grills and gold teeth are considered status symbols within the Hip-Hop fashion scene. However, tooth ornaments favour the accumulation of plaque and can diminish the ability to articulate. With respect to jewelry in oral soft tissue especially tongue and lip piercings are of significance to dentists. Besides the systemic complications, which are mostly caused by a lack of hygiene or the failure of noting medical contraindications by the piercer, local complications occur frequently. After surgery, pain, swelling, infections as well as hemorrhages or hematomas can be observed. Long-term effects can be problematic: gingival recession can be discernes mainly in the case of lip piercings the loss of hard tooth substance in the case of tongue piercings. Because of that, conservation therapies can become indespensable. Patients wearing dental jewelry have to be aware of risks of tooth damage, and they regularly have to undergo dental check-ups. Information campaigns--for dentists as well as patients--are necessary.
口腔饰品很受欢迎。其中传播最广的一种是所谓的由复合材料制成的牙齿钻石，它们通过粘合剂粘贴在牙齿上。需要注意的是，在瑞士，未成年患者的家长需要签署一份免责声明。牙冠烤架和金牙在嘻哈时尚圈被视为身份象征。然而，牙齿装饰品有利于牙菌斑的积聚，并且会降低发音能力。对于口腔软组织中的饰品，尤其是舌部和唇部穿孔，对牙医来说具有重要意义。除了主要由卫生条件差或穿孔者未注意医学禁忌导致的全身并发症外，局部并发症也经常发生。手术后，可观察到疼痛、肿胀、感染以及出血或血肿。长期影响可能会有问题：牙龈退缩主要在唇部穿孔的情况下可见，牙齿硬组织丧失则在舌部穿孔的情况下可见。因此，保守治疗可能变得不可或缺。佩戴牙齿饰品的患者必须意识到牙齿受损的风险，并且他们必须定期接受牙科检查。针对牙医和患者的宣传活动是必要的。
