Burstyn Uri
Vancouver Animal Emergency Clinic, 1590 W. 4th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010 Feb 1;236(3):326-9. doi: 10.2460/javma.236.3.326.
A 1-year-old sexually intact female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated because of an 8-week history of pronounced mammary gland hyperplasia that had progressed to mastitis and abscessation of the mammary glands since parturition 7 days earlier. The cat was anorectic, was febrile, and had signs of discomfort. Its kittens were weak and appeared to have difficulty nursing.
Physical examination revealed pyrexia, mastitis with abscessation in the 6 caudal mammary glands, skin ulceration over the nipples, and areas of skin necrosis over the abscessed mammary glands. A CBC revealed nonregenerative anemia and leukocytosis with a left shift (2.160 x 10(9) band cells/L) and toxic changes. Mastitis and incipient septicemia were considered the most likely causes. The history of mammary gland hyperplasia since the second week of pregnancy suggested a diagnosis of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia that predisposed the cat to subsequent mastitis.
Surgical drainage of the abscessed mammary glands, debridement of necrotic skin, and placement of a Penrose drain resulted in rapid improvement in clinical status. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial treatment (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) was prescribed, and the cat was discharged from the hospital. Mastitis and fibroadenomatous mammary gland hyperplasia resolved rapidly afterward.
Management of abscessed mammary glands through surgical drainage and drain placement is an option for treatment of cats with complications of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia. In the cat of this report, the treatment approach resulted in rapid resolution of mastitis, was less invasive than mastectomy, and avoided the potential complications of treatment with a progesterone-receptor antagonist.
一只1岁未绝育的雌性家养短毛猫因乳腺增生明显8周前来就诊，自7天前分娩后，乳腺增生已发展为乳腺炎和乳腺脓肿。这只猫食欲不振、发热且有不适症状。它的小猫很虚弱，似乎难以哺乳。
体格检查发现发热、6个尾侧乳腺出现伴有脓肿的乳腺炎、乳头处皮肤溃疡以及脓肿乳腺上方的皮肤坏死区域。全血细胞计数显示非再生性贫血和白细胞增多伴左移（2.160×10⁹杆状核细胞/L）以及毒性变化。乳腺炎和早期败血症被认为是最可能的病因。自怀孕第二周起的乳腺增生病史提示诊断为纤维腺瘤样增生，这使这只猫易患随后的乳腺炎。
对脓肿乳腺进行手术引流、对坏死皮肤进行清创并放置一根橡皮引流管，使临床状况迅速改善。开具了广谱抗菌治疗（阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸），这只猫出院了。乳腺炎和纤维腺瘤样乳腺增生随后迅速消退。
通过手术引流和放置引流管来处理脓肿乳腺是治疗患有纤维腺瘤样增生并发症的猫的一种选择。在本报告中的这只猫身上，这种治疗方法使乳腺炎迅速消退，比乳房切除术侵入性小，并且避免了使用孕激素受体拮抗剂治疗的潜在并发症。
