Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 May 15;177(1-3):1153-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.022. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Exploring reasonable ways to remove foulant is of great importance in order to allow sustainable operation of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in water/wastewater treatment technology. Compounds of organic and inorganic origin largely contribute to irreversible fouling. This study attempted to remove problem of UF membrane fouling by using four different enzymes including alpha-amylase, lipase, cellulase and protease. This investigation showed that none of the above mentioned enzymes was found to be effective for the removal of foulant when used alone. However, when these enzymes were used in combination with NaOH and citric acid, about 90% cleaning was achieved. The addition of non-ionic surfactant to the enzymatic solution appears to increase the efficiency of flux recovery by reducing the adhesion of foulant species to the membrane surface through the decrease of contact angle. Field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were employed to qualitatively illustrate the foulant characteristics. The surface roughness through AFM was used to explain the potential mechanism for the enzymatic cleaning.
为了使超滤（UF）膜在水/废水处理技术中能够可持续运行，探索合理的去除污染物的方法非常重要。有机和无机来源的化合物在很大程度上导致了不可逆转的污染。本研究试图使用包括α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶在内的四种不同的酶来去除 UF 膜污染的问题。研究表明，当单独使用这些酶时，没有一种酶被发现对去除污染物有效。然而，当这些酶与 NaOH 和柠檬酸一起使用时，约 90%的污染物被去除。在酶溶液中添加非离子表面活性剂似乎通过降低接触角来减少污染物与膜表面的附着，从而提高通量恢复效率。用场发射枪扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和原子力显微镜（AFM）技术对污染物特性进行了定性说明。通过 AFM 测量表面粗糙度，解释了酶清洁的潜在机制。
