U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Jan;38(1 Suppl):S1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.001.
Injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality confronting U.S. military forces in peacetime or combat operations. Not only are injuries the biggest health problem of the military services, they are also a complex problem. The leading causes of deaths are different from those that result in hospitalization, which are different from those that result in outpatient care. As a consequence, it is not possible to focus on just one level of injury severity if the impact of injuries on military personnel is to be reduced. To effectively reduce the impact of a problem as big and complex as injuries requires a systematic approach. The purpose of this paper is to: (1) review the steps of the public health process for injury prevention; (2) review literature on evaluation of the scientific quality and consistency of information needed to make decisions about prevention policies, programs, and interventions; and (3) summarize criteria for setting objective injury prevention priorities. The review of these topics will serve as a foundation for making recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of injury prevention efforts in the military and similarly large communities. This paper also serves as an introduction to the other articles in this supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine that illustrate the recommended systematic approach.
在和平时期或作战行动中，伤害是美国军队面临的发病率和死亡率的主要原因。伤害不仅是军队服务的最大健康问题，也是一个复杂的问题。导致死亡的主要原因与导致住院的原因不同，导致住院的原因又与导致门诊治疗的原因不同。因此，如果要减少伤害对军人的影响，就不可能只关注一个严重程度的伤害级别。要有效减少伤害这样一个庞大而复杂的问题的影响，需要采取系统的方法。本文的目的是：(1) 审查伤害预防公共卫生过程的步骤；(2) 审查关于评估预防政策、方案和干预措施所需信息的科学质量和一致性的文献；(3) 总结确定客观伤害预防优先事项的标准。审查这些主题将为提出建议奠定基础，以提高军队和类似大型社区伤害预防工作的有效性。本文也是美国预防医学杂志增刊中其他文章的介绍，这些文章说明了建议的系统方法。
