Bownes I T, O'Gorman E C, Sayers A
Department of Mental Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991 Jan;83(1):27-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb05507.x.
A diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) encompasses several of the symptoms associated with the response to rape. The object of this study was to determine the incidence of PTSD among 51 rape victims and to compare the groups with and without PTSD with respect to the characteristics of the assaults. The results showed that 70% of the victims had PTSD and further suggested that PTSD was likely to be a long-term problem for these women. The results supported the view that psychological treatment approaches to rape victims should take into account the posttraumatic nature of the response. The incidence of rapes by strangers, of physical force being used, of weapons being displayed and of injuries being sustained by the victim were all higher in the group of women who had PTSD. These are all features that can be readily identified in the initial assessment of the rape victim and may help to identify the victims at risk of developing long-term psychological sequelae after rape. Appropriate therapeutic action taken early may influence the prognosis for a significant proportion of rape victims.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的诊断包含了一些与强奸反应相关的症状。本研究的目的是确定51名强奸受害者中PTSD的发病率，并比较患有和未患有PTSD的两组受害者在袭击特征方面的差异。结果显示，70%的受害者患有PTSD，进一步表明PTSD可能是这些女性的一个长期问题。结果支持了这样一种观点，即针对强奸受害者的心理治疗方法应考虑到反应的创伤后性质。在患有PTSD的女性群体中，陌生人实施强奸、使用暴力、展示武器以及受害者受伤的发生率都更高。这些都是在对强奸受害者进行初步评估时能够轻易识别的特征，可能有助于识别出在强奸后有发展为长期心理后遗症风险的受害者。早期采取适当的治疗行动可能会影响相当一部分强奸受害者的预后。
