Brandt S, Moss A, Berg S, Wabitsch M
Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Sektion Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universität Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2010 Feb;53(2):207-20. doi: 10.1007/s00103-009-1017-z.
The prevalence of obesity for children and adolescents in Germany has increased during the past 20 years. Because the success rate of therapy is low, prevention seems to be the only solution. Prevention should begin early in life. School is an ideal setting for the implementation of prevention strategies. The aim of this review was to compare results of school-based prevention programs and to identify effective methods. A systematic literature search for studies published between 1990 and 2009 was conducted. A total of 22 studies were considered for inclusion. Combined interventions including nutrition, physical activity, and television viewing modification are effective. The intervention should last for at least one year. Installation of water fountains in schools, implementation of the topics "sugar-containing drinks" and "television viewing" in the curriculum, modification of existing physical education and more physical activity during the school day are effective prevention strategies.
在过去20年里，德国儿童和青少年肥胖症的患病率有所上升。由于治疗成功率较低，预防似乎是唯一的解决办法。预防应在生命早期开始。学校是实施预防策略的理想场所。本综述的目的是比较基于学校的预防项目的结果，并确定有效的方法。对1990年至2009年发表的研究进行了系统的文献检索。共有22项研究被纳入考虑。包括营养、体育活动和电视观看习惯改变在内的综合干预措施是有效的。干预应持续至少一年。在学校安装饮水机、在课程中设置“含糖饮料”和“电视观看”主题、改进现有的体育教育以及在学校日增加体育活动都是有效的预防策略。
