Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, 97239, USA.
Semin Immunopathol. 2010 Mar;32(1):55-70. doi: 10.1007/s00281-009-0190-3. Epub 2010 Jan 30.
Inflammatory bowel disease, typified by Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a common disorder characterized by recurrent and serious inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. It is well documented that T cells play a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Th17 cells are a unique T cell subpopulation implicated in inflammatory bowel disease and many other autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. However, the regulatory mechanism of Th17 activation and proliferation has not been defined completely. Recent studies have shown that the ligation of several costimulatory receptor-ligand pairs contributes to the activation, differentiation, and proliferation of T lymphocytes including the Th17 subset. In this review, we will discuss the emerging evidence on the role of Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis as well as the effect of costimulatory molecules on Th17 development and consider if the need for such costimulation of T lymphocytes provides a target for the development of novel therapeutic strategy.
炎症性肠病，以克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎为代表，是一种常见的疾病，其特征是胃肠道反复发生严重炎症。有充分的证据表明 T 细胞在炎症性肠病的发展中起着关键作用。Th17 细胞是一种独特的 T 细胞亚群，与炎症性肠病和许多其他自身免疫/炎症性疾病有关。然而，Th17 激活和增殖的调节机制尚未完全确定。最近的研究表明，几种共刺激受体-配体对的结合有助于 T 淋巴细胞（包括 Th17 亚群）的激活、分化和增殖。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 Th17 细胞在炎症性肠病发病机制中的作用的新证据，以及共刺激分子对 Th17 发育的影响，并考虑是否需要对 T 淋巴细胞进行这种共刺激，为开发新的治疗策略提供一个靶点。
