Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC.
Med J Aust. 2010 Feb 1;192(3):137-40. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03451.x.
To compare the weight status of women and children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged rural and urban neighbourhoods in Victoria.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study of data collected between August 2007 and July 2008 as part of the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality (READI) study. Women aged 18-45 years living in 40 rural and 40 urban socioeconomically disadvantaged Victorian areas were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Data from a subset of their children aged 5-12 years were also analysed. Weight and height were self-reported for women and measured for children.
Women's weight status based on body mass index (BMI): underweight; healthy; overweight; or obese Class I, II or III; children's weight status based on International Obesity Taskforce BMI cut-off points.
Of 11 940 women randomly selected, 4934 (41%) replied to a postal invitation to participate. After exclusions for various reasons, data were available on 3879 women and 636 of their children. Twenty-four per cent of urban and 26% of rural women were classified as overweight; a further 19% of urban and 23% of rural women were classified as obese. Twenty per cent of both urban and rural children were classified as overweight; a further 10% of urban and rural children were classified as obese. In crude analyses, rural women had higher odds of Class I and II obesity (odds ratio [OR], 1.34 and 1.72, respectively) compared with urban women. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, number of children, country of birth, education level, employment status and marital status), there was no difference between urban and rural women in odds of overweight or obesity Class I, II or III. No significant urban-rural difference in odds of overweight/obesity was evident among children.
The higher prevalence of obesity in rural women compared with urban women was largely explained by individual-level sociodemographic factors, such as age, number of children, country of birth, education level, employment status and marital status. This suggests that higher obesity levels among women in rural areas may be attributable to the sociodemographic composition of these areas.
比较生活在维多利亚州社会经济处于不利地位的农村和城市社区的妇女和儿童的体重状况。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项横断面研究，于 2007 年 8 月至 2008 年 7 月期间作为“克服不平等促进饮食和活动的韧性（READI）”研究的一部分，收集数据。通过邮寄问卷对 40 个农村和 40 个城市社会经济处于不利地位的维多利亚地区的 18-45 岁的妇女进行了调查。还对她们 5-12 岁的部分子女的数据进行了分析。妇女的体重和身高由自我报告，儿童的体重和身高由国际肥胖工作组 BMI 切点测量。
根据身体质量指数（BMI），妇女的体重状况：体重不足；健康；超重；肥胖 I 级、II 级或 III 级；根据国际肥胖工作组 BMI 切点，儿童的体重状况。
在随机选择的 11940 名妇女中，有 4934 名（41%）回复了参加调查的邀请。在因各种原因被排除后，有 3879 名妇女和 636 名妇女的子女的数据可用。24%的城市和 26%的农村妇女超重；进一步分析显示，19%的城市和 23%的农村妇女肥胖。20%的城市和农村儿童超重；进一步分析显示，10%的城市和农村儿童肥胖。在粗分析中，与城市妇女相比，农村妇女肥胖 I 级和 II 级的可能性更高（比值比[OR]分别为 1.34 和 1.72）。在调整了社会人口因素（年龄、子女数量、出生国、教育水平、就业状况和婚姻状况）后，城市和农村妇女超重或肥胖 I、II、III 级的可能性没有差异。在儿童中，超重/肥胖的城乡差异不显著。
与城市妇女相比，农村妇女肥胖的比例较高，这在很大程度上可以用个体层面的社会人口因素来解释，如年龄、子女数量、出生国、教育水平、就业状况和婚姻状况。这表明，农村地区妇女肥胖水平较高可能归因于这些地区的社会人口构成。
