Pituitary Research Unit, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2010 Mar;39(1):11-23, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2009.10.007.
Human growth hormone (GH) is widely abused by athletes; however, there is little evidence that GH improves physical performance. Replacement of GH in GH deficiency improves some aspects of exercise capacity. There is evidence for a protein anabolic effect of GH in healthy adults and for increased lean body mass following GH, although fluid retention likely contributes to this increase. The evidence suggests that muscle strength, power, and aerobic exercise capacity are not enhanced by GH administration, however GH may improve anaerobic exercise capacity. There are risks of adverse effects of long-term abuse of GH. Sustained abuse of GH may lead to a state mimicking acromegaly, a condition with increased morbidity and mortality.
人体生长激素（GH）被运动员广泛滥用；然而，几乎没有证据表明 GH 能提高运动表现。在 GH 缺乏症患者中替代 GH 可改善某些运动能力方面。有证据表明 GH 对健康成年人具有蛋白质合成代谢作用，并可增加 GH 后的瘦体重，尽管液体潴留可能对此增加有贡献。有证据表明，肌肉力量、功率和有氧运动能力不会因 GH 给药而增强，但是 GH 可能会改善无氧运动能力。长期滥用 GH 存在不良影响的风险。持续滥用 GH 可能导致类似于肢端肥大症的状态，肢端肥大症会增加发病率和死亡率。
