Pajonk Frank-Gerald, Wobrock Thomas, Gruber Oliver, Scherk Harald, Berner Dorothea, Kaizl Inge, Kierer Astrid, Müller Stephanie, Oest Martin, Meyer Tim, Backens Martin, Schneider-Axmann Thomas, Thornton Allen E, Honer William G, Falkai Peter
Department of Psychiatry, The Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010 Feb;67(2):133-43. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.193.
Hippocampal volume is lower than expected in patients with schizophrenia; however, whether this represents a fixed deficit is uncertain. Exercise is a stimulus to hippocampal plasticity.
To determine whether hippocampal volume would increase with exercise in humans and whether this effect would be related to improved aerobic fitness.
Randomized controlled study.
Patients attending a day hospital program or an outpatient clinic.
Male patients with chronic schizophrenia and matched healthy subjects.
Aerobic exercise training (cycling) and playing table football (control group) for a period of 3 months.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the hippocampus. Secondary outcome measures were magnetic resonance spectroscopy, neuropsychological (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Corsi block-tapping test), and clinical (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) features.
Following exercise training, relative hippocampal volume increased significantly in patients (12%) and healthy subjects (16%), with no change in the nonexercise group of patients (-1%). Changes in hippocampal volume in the exercise group were correlated with improvements in aerobic fitness measured by change in maximum oxygen consumption (r = 0.71; P = .003). In the schizophrenia exercise group (but not the controls), change in hippocampal volume was associated with a 35% increase in the N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio in the hippocampus. Finally, improvement in test scores for short-term memory in the combined exercise and nonexercise schizophrenia group was correlated with change in hippocampal volume (r = 0.51; P < .05).
These results indicate that in both healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia hippocampal volume is plastic in response to aerobic exercise.
精神分裂症患者的海马体体积低于预期；然而，这是否代表一种固定缺陷尚不确定。运动是海马体可塑性的一种刺激因素。
确定人类海马体体积是否会随着运动而增加，以及这种效应是否与有氧适能的改善有关。
随机对照研究。
参加日间医院项目或门诊诊所的患者。
慢性精神分裂症男性患者及匹配的健康受试者。
进行为期3个月的有氧运动训练（骑自行车）和踢足球（对照组）。
海马体的磁共振成像。次要结局指标为磁共振波谱、神经心理学（雷伊听觉词语学习测验、科西方块敲击测验）和临床（阳性与阴性症状量表）特征。
运动训练后，患者（12%）和健康受试者（16%）的相对海马体体积显著增加，未运动的患者组无变化（-1%）。运动组海马体体积的变化与通过最大耗氧量变化测得的有氧适能改善相关（r = 0.71；P = 0.003）。在精神分裂症运动组（而非对照组）中，海马体体积的变化与海马体中N-乙酰天门冬氨酸与肌酸的比值增加35%相关。最后，在运动和未运动的精神分裂症患者合并组中，短期记忆测试分数的改善与海马体体积的变化相关（r = 0.51；P < 0.05）。
这些结果表明，在健康受试者和精神分裂症患者中，海马体体积对有氧运动具有可塑性。
