理解护士长的压力和工作复杂性：产生差异的因素。
Understanding nurse manager stress and work complexity: factors that make a difference.
机构信息
University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN 47712, USA.
出版信息
J Nurs Adm. 2010 Feb;40(2):82-91. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181cb9f88.
OBJECTIVE
This study provided insight into nurse manager stress and coping experiences.
BACKGROUND
Overwork and stress have been implicated in today's nursing shortage. Although nurse managers play a pivotal role in creating work environments that retain staff nurses, little is known about nurse manager work.
METHODS
This qualitative descriptive study used a sample of 21 nurse managers to determine what situations contribute to their stress, individual coping strategies, and health-related outcomes. Content analysis identified 3 study themes.
RESULTS
People and resources, tasks and work volume, and performance expectations affect nurse managers' perceptions of stress. When comparing novice nurse managers with experienced nurse managers, experienced nurse managers (especially comanagers) used more effective (problem focused) coping strategies and had fewer negative health-related outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Findings from this study suggest that to impact stress, coping, and complexity in the nurse manager role requires a combination of strategies that address individual and organizational factors.
目的
本研究深入了解了护士长的压力和应对体验。
背景
过度劳累和压力与当今的护理短缺有关。尽管护士长在营造留住护士的工作环境方面发挥着关键作用，但对护士长的工作却知之甚少。
方法
这项定性描述性研究使用了 21 名护士长的样本，以确定哪些情况会导致他们感到压力、个人应对策略和与健康相关的结果。内容分析确定了 3 个研究主题。
结果
人员和资源、任务和工作量以及绩效期望会影响护士长对压力的看法。在比较新手护士长和经验丰富的护士长时，经验丰富的护士长（特别是联合护士长）使用了更有效的（以问题为导向的）应对策略，并且与健康相关的负面结果更少。
结论
本研究结果表明，要影响护士长的角色中的压力、应对和复杂性，需要综合考虑个人和组织因素的策略。
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