Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Diabetologia. 2010 May;53(5):850-7. doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-1669-0. Epub 2010 Feb 3.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Dietary fatty acids may affect insulin sensitivity. Adipose tissue fatty acid composition partly reflects long-term dietary intake, but data from large studies regarding relationships with insulin sensitivity are lacking. We aimed to determine the association between adipose tissue fatty acids and insulin sensitivity in elderly Swedish men.
In a cross-sectional analysis of the community-based Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (n = 795, mean age 71 years), adipose tissue biopsies were obtained and fatty acid composition was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Insulin sensitivity was measured directly by a euglycaemic clamp.
Palmitic acid (16:0), the major saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the diet and in adipose tissue, was negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (r = -0.14), as were 16:1 n-7 (r = -0.15), 20:3 n-6 (r = -0.31), 20:4 n-6 (r = -0.38), 22:4 n-6 (r = -0.37) and 22:5 n-3 (r = -0.24; p < 0.001 for all). Some minor SFAs were positively correlated; 12:0 (r = 0.46), 14:0 (r = 0.32), 17:0 (r = 0.21) and 18:0 (r = 0.41; p < 0.001 for all), as were essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) 18:2 n-6 (r = 0.10, p < 0.01) and 18:3 n-3 (r = 0.16, p < 0.001). Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) was negatively correlated (r = -0.11, p < 0.01), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) was not (r = -0.02, NS). Most associations diminished or disappeared in lean individuals, indicating an effect of obesity.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Adipose tissue enriched with palmitic acid and depleted of essential PUFAs is associated with insulin resistance. The positive association between minor SFAs and insulin sensitivity merits further investigation.
目的/假设：饮食中的脂肪酸可能会影响胰岛素敏感性。脂肪组织中的脂肪酸组成部分反映了长期的饮食摄入，但关于其与胰岛素敏感性关系的大型研究数据尚缺乏。本研究旨在确定老年瑞典男性脂肪组织脂肪酸与胰岛素敏感性之间的关系。
在基于社区的乌普萨拉男性纵向研究（n=795，平均年龄 71 岁）的一项横断面分析中，我们进行了脂肪组织活检，并通过气相色谱法确定了脂肪酸组成。通过葡萄糖钳夹直接测量胰岛素敏感性。
饮食中和脂肪组织中主要的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）棕榈酸（16:0）与胰岛素敏感性呈负相关（r=-0.14），16:1 n-7（r=-0.15）、20:3 n-6（r=-0.31）、20:4 n-6（r=-0.38）、22:4 n-6（r=-0.37）和 22:5 n-3（r=-0.24；p<0.001）。一些较小的 SFA 呈正相关；12:0（r=0.46）、14:0（r=0.32）、17:0（r=0.21）和 18:0（r=0.41；p<0.001），必需多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）18:2 n-6（r=0.10，p<0.01）和 18:3 n-3（r=0.16，p<0.001）也呈正相关。二十二碳六烯酸（22:6 n-3）呈负相关（r=-0.11，p<0.01），而二十碳五烯酸（20:5 n-3）则无相关性（r=-0.02，NS）。大多数关联在瘦人群体中减弱或消失，表明肥胖有影响。
结论/解释：富含棕榈酸和必需 PUFAs 的脂肪组织与胰岛素抵抗有关。小部分 SFA 与胰岛素敏感性之间的正相关关系值得进一步研究。
