Ocampo Clara B, González Camila, Morales Carlos A, Pérez Mauricio, Wesson Dawn, Apperson Charles S
Unidad de Entomología Médica, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, Call, Colombia.
Biomedica. 2009 Jun;29(2):282-97.
Dengue viruses transmitted principally by the urban mosquito Aedes aegypti, cause one of the major public health problems confronting tropical cities. Insecticide spraying has been the mainstay of mosquito control; however, its continuous use has selected for resistance. Other important methods of control involve community participation.
This study evaluated two control methods for Ae. aegypti that can be used by the community: Lethal ovitraps (LOs) and Bacillus thuringiensis var israeliensis (Bti) briquettes.
The project study was carried out in four similar neighborhoods within a representative district in the city of Cali, Colombia. Three interventions (LO, Bti, LO+Bti plus education and one control (education only) area were evaluated for efficacy in post-intervention entomological surveys. Additionally, entomological indices were also compared to results from a pre-intervention survey carried out on a sample of city blocks in the same neighborhoods. Relative vector abundance in relation to weather conditions using the same entomological sampling methods was compared.
The interventions did not achieve significant differences in vector abundance among the treatments. However, the interventions achieved a significant reduction in entomological indices compared with those observed during the pre-intervention survey: House index 15.1% vs. 8.5%, mean pupae per house 1.15 vs. 0.073, and Adult index 56.3% vs. 34.8% (p < 0.05).
The lack of significant differences among the interventions, and between treated and control blocks suggested that educational activities together with periodic visits to the houses produced similar reductions of immature and adult Aedes aegypti.
主要由城市蚊虫埃及伊蚊传播的登革病毒，是热带城市面临的主要公共卫生问题之一。喷洒杀虫剂一直是蚊虫控制的主要手段；然而，持续使用已导致蚊虫产生抗药性。其他重要的控制方法包括社区参与。
本研究评估了两种可供社区使用的埃及伊蚊控制方法：致命性诱蚊产卵器（LOs）和以色列亚种苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bti）型煤球。
该项目研究在哥伦比亚卡利市一个代表性区域内的四个类似社区进行。在干预后的昆虫学调查中，对三种干预措施（LO、Bti、LO + Bti加上教育）和一个对照（仅教育）区域的效果进行了评估。此外，还将昆虫学指标与在相同社区的城市街区样本上进行的干预前调查结果进行了比较。使用相同的昆虫学采样方法，比较了与天气条件相关的相对病媒丰度。
各处理组之间在病媒丰度上未达到显著差异。然而，与干预前调查期间观察到的情况相比，这些干预措施使昆虫学指标显著降低：房屋指数从15.1%降至8.5%，每户平均蛹数从1.15降至0.073，成虫指数从56.3%降至34.8%（p < 0.05）。
干预措施之间以及处理街区和对照街区之间缺乏显著差异，这表明教育活动以及定期走访房屋对埃及伊蚊幼虫和成虫数量的减少产生了类似的效果。
