Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2018 Sep 3;7(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s40249-018-0464-x.
The control of vector-borne diseases (VBD) is one of the greatest challenges on the global health agenda. Rapid and uncontrolled urbanization has heightened the interest in addressing these challenges through an integrated vector management (IVM) approach. The aim was to identify components related to impacts, economic evaluation, and sustainability that might contribute to this integrated approach to VBD prevention.
We conducted a scoping review of available literature (2000-2016) using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, Econlit, LILACS, Global Health Database, Scopus, and Embase, as well as Tropical Diseases Bulletin, WHOLIS, WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme, and Google Scholar. MeSH terms and free-text terms were used. A data extraction form was used, including TIDieR and ASTAIRE. MMAT and CHEERS were used to evaluate quality. Of the 42 documents reviewed, 30 were focused on dengue, eight on malaria, and two on leishmaniasis. More than a half of the studies were conducted in the Americas. Half used a quantitative descriptive approach (n = 21), followed by cluster randomized controlled trials (n = 11). Regarding impacts, outcomes were: a) use of measures for vector control; b) vector control; c) health measures; and d) social measures. IVM reduced breeding sites, the entomology index, and parasite rates. Results were heterogeneous, with variable magnitudes, but in all cases were favourable to the intervention. Evidence of IVM impacts on health outcomes was very limited but showed reduced incidence. Social outcomes were improved abilities and capacities, empowerment, and community knowledge. Regarding economic evaluation, only four studies performed an economic analysis, and intervention benefits outweighed costs. Cost-effectiveness was dependent on illness incidence. The results provided key elements to analyze sustainability in terms of three dimensions (social, economic, and environmental), emphasizing the implementation of a community-focused eco-bio-social approach.
IVM has an impact on reducing vector breeding sites and the entomology index, but evidence of impacts on health outcomes is limited. Social outcomes are improved abilities and capacities, empowerment, and community knowledge. Economic evaluations are scarce, and cost-effectiveness is dependent on illness incidence. Community capacity building is the main component of sustainability, together with collaboration, institutionalization, and routinization of activities. Findings indicate a great heterogeneity in the interventions and highlight the need for characterizing interventions rigorously to facilitate transferability.
控制媒介传播疾病（VBD）是全球卫生议程上面临的最大挑战之一。快速且不受控制的城市化进程提高了通过综合媒介管理（IVM）方法应对这些挑战的兴趣。目的是确定与影响、经济评估和可持续性相关的因素，这些因素可能有助于预防媒介传播疾病的综合方法。
我们使用 PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane、CINAHL、Econlit、LILACS、全球卫生数据库、Scopus 和 Embase 以及热带病公报、WHOLIS、世界卫生组织杀虫剂评价计划和谷歌学术进行了一次现有文献的范围综述（2000-2016 年）。使用了 MeSH 术语和自由文本术语。使用了数据提取表格，包括 TIDieR 和 ASTAIRE。使用 MMAT 和 CHEERS 评估质量。在审查的 42 份文件中，有 30 份专注于登革热，8 份专注于疟疾，2 份专注于利什曼病。超过一半的研究在美洲进行。半数使用定量描述性方法（n=21），其次是整群随机对照试验（n=11）。关于影响，结果是：a）使用媒介控制措施；b）媒介控制；c）健康措施；和 d）社会措施。综合媒介管理减少了滋生地、昆虫指数和寄生虫率。结果是异质的，幅度不同，但在所有情况下都有利于干预。关于综合媒介管理对健康结果的影响证据非常有限，但显示发病率降低。社会结果是提高能力和能力、赋权和社区知识。关于经济评估，只有四项研究进行了经济分析，干预效益超过成本。成本效益取决于疾病发病率。结果提供了分析社会、经济和环境三个维度可持续性的关键要素，强调实施以社区为中心的生态-生物-社会方法。
综合媒介管理对减少媒介滋生地和昆虫指数有影响，但对健康结果的影响证据有限。社会结果是提高能力和能力、赋权和社区知识。经济评估很少，成本效益取决于疾病发病率。社区能力建设是可持续性的主要组成部分，与合作、活动的制度化和常规化一起。研究结果表明干预措施存在很大的异质性，并强调需要严格确定干预措施，以促进可转移性。
