Lee Jung-Ah, Zierler Brenda K
University of California-Irvine, College of Health Sciences, Program in Nursing Science, Irvine, California 92697-3959, USA.
J Gerontol Nurs. 2010 Apr;36(4):40-8. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20100108-06. Epub 2010 Apr 13.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common preventable disorders among hospital inpatients. Advancing age is a major risk factor for VTE. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare prevention practices and clinical outcomes in older (age 65 and older) versus younger (ages 18 to 64) hospitalized patients at risk for or diagnosed with VTE. Medical charts of 210 older and 450 younger inpatients undergoing diagnostic tests to rule out VTE were reviewed at an academic medical center. Acute VTE was diagnosed in 17.1% of older and 22.7% of younger inpatients. Pharmacological prophylaxis was used in 70% of eligible older and 57% of eligible younger inpatients. Nearly one quarter of eligible older inpatients did not receive any VTE prevention measures. The 3-month mortality was higher in older inpatients (13.9%) compared with younger inpatients (9.8%) with VTE, despite the lower rate of VTE in older inpatients. Prevention measures for VTE were underused in both older and younger inpatients.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是医院住院患者中最常见的可预防疾病之一。年龄增长是VTE的主要危险因素。本研究的目的是描述和比较有VTE风险或已诊断为VTE的老年（65岁及以上）与年轻（18至64岁）住院患者的预防措施及临床结局。在一家学术医疗中心，对210名接受诊断性检查以排除VTE的老年住院患者和450名年轻住院患者的病历进行了回顾。17.1%的老年住院患者和22.7%的年轻住院患者被诊断为急性VTE。70%符合条件的老年住院患者和57%符合条件的年轻住院患者使用了药物预防。近四分之一符合条件的老年住院患者未采取任何VTE预防措施。尽管老年住院患者的VTE发生率较低，但患有VTE的老年住院患者的3个月死亡率（13.9%）高于年轻住院患者（9.8%）。老年和年轻住院患者对VTE的预防措施均未得到充分利用。
