Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Pathology, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010 Feb;24(1):71-9. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2009.08.011.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is often a progressive and disabling disease, which occurs in the setting of a variety of risk factors--such as advancing age, obesity and trauma--that collude to incite a cascade of pathophysiological events within joint tissues. An important emerging theme in OA is a broadening of focus from a disease of cartilage to one of the 'whole joint.' The synovium, bone and cartilage are each involved in pathological processes that lead to progressive joint degeneration. Additional themes that have emerged over the past decade are novel mechanisms of cartilage degradation and repair, the relationship between biomechanics and biochemical pathways, the importance of inflammation and the role of genetics. In this article, we review the molecular, clinical and imaging evidence that synovitis is not an 'incidental finding of OA', but plays a significant role in disease pathogenesis, and could therefore represent a target for future treatments.
骨关节炎（OA）通常是一种进行性和致残性疾病，发生在多种风险因素的背景下，如年龄增长、肥胖和创伤，这些因素共同引发关节组织内一连串的病理生理事件。OA 研究中的一个重要新主题是，将疾病的关注点从软骨扩大到整个关节。滑膜、骨和软骨都参与了导致进行性关节退化的病理过程。过去十年中出现的其他主题包括软骨降解和修复的新机制、生物力学和生化途径之间的关系、炎症的重要性以及遗传的作用。在本文中，我们回顾了分子、临床和影像学证据，这些证据表明滑膜炎不是 OA 的“偶然发现”，而是在疾病发病机制中发挥重要作用，因此可能成为未来治疗的靶点。
