Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Weston, FL 33331, USA.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2010 Feb;25(1):16-25. doi: 10.1177/0884533609357568.
Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disturbances are common in critically ill patients. GI tract dysmotility has been linked to increased permeability of intestinal mucosa and bacterial translocation, contributing to systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A key issue in providing nutrition to critically ill patients is intolerance of enteral feeding as a result of impaired GI motility. Remarkable progress has been made in the understanding of the regulation of GI motility in critical illness. Predominant motility abnormalities seen in ICU patients include antral hypomotility, delayed gastric emptying, and reduced migrating motor complexes. The diagnosis of motility disturbances can be challenging to establish in critically ill patients. The available tests used for detection of abnormal motility have major limitations in the ICU setting. Recognition of the type and site of intestinal motility disorder is important to guide the therapy and improve the outcome.
胃肠道（GI）动力障碍在危重病患者中很常见。胃肠道动力障碍与肠道黏膜通透性增加和细菌易位有关，导致全身炎症反应综合征、败血症和多器官功能障碍综合征。为危重病患者提供营养的一个关键问题是由于胃肠道动力障碍导致对肠内喂养不耐受。在理解危重病中胃肠道动力调节方面取得了显著进展。在 ICU 患者中观察到的主要运动异常包括胃窦动力不足、胃排空延迟和运动复合波减少。在危重病患者中，确定运动障碍的诊断具有挑战性。用于检测异常运动的现有测试在 ICU 环境中有很大的局限性。识别肠道运动障碍的类型和部位对于指导治疗和改善预后很重要。
