Kósa Eva, Grasselly Magdolna
Vas Megyei Markusovszky Kórház Nonprofit Zrt, Szemészeti Osztály, Szombathely, Markusovszky út 3, 9700.
Orv Hetil. 2010 Feb 14;151(7):259-64. doi: 10.1556/OH.2010.28716.
The aims of this study was to obtain the frequency and therapy of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Markusovszky Teaching Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary. A population based study on ophthalmological status of preterm infants was performed, between 01.01.1989 and 01.01.2009. During the study period, ophthalmological status was detected in 543 premature infants. Among them, 34 children (6.3%) suffered from retinopathy of prematurity, and all of them were bilateral. ROP occurred in the highest rate (23/78 cases, 29.5%) at the birth weight of lower than 1000 grams, but frequency was only l.2% (2/169 cases) between weight 1250-1500 grams. Spontaneous recovery was observed in 19 eyes of 10 cases. The frequency of spontaneous resolution was 40% and 50% in the group of larger birth weight: between 1251-1500 grams and weight > or = 1500 grams, but on the other hand, complete recovery was only 26% (6/23 cases) below 1000 grams of birth weight. "Threshold retinopathy" (stage 3 plus), that needed therapy was detected in 25 children's 49 eyes. Cryotherapy was performed in both eyes of 16 children (32 eyes), laser photocoagulation was performed in 9 patients (16 eyes). ROP regressed after cryotherapy in 26 eyes, but in 6 eyes symptoms progressed to stage 5. After laser photocoagulation, recovery was observed in 16 eyes; this therapy was not successful in only one case. According to our experiences, stage 5 ROP developed only in two patients' both eyes, and in 1-1 eye of three children, during the 20 years of study. Our ophthalmological screening program proved that providing cryopexia or laser photocoagulation in time, severe visual impairment of retinopathy can be prevented. In spite of the few number of patients, this population based investigation with a long duration (20 years) offers new data in Hungarian ROP epidemiology.
本研究旨在了解匈牙利松博特海伊市马库绍夫斯基教学医院早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发病率及治疗情况。对1989年1月1日至2009年1月1日期间的早产儿眼部状况进行了一项基于人群的研究。研究期间，对543名早产儿进行了眼部检查。其中，34名儿童（6.3%）患有早产儿视网膜病变，均为双侧病变。出生体重低于1000克的婴儿ROP发病率最高（23/78例，29.5%），而体重在1250 - 1500克之间的婴儿发病率仅为1.2%（2/169例）。10例患者的19只眼睛观察到自发恢复。出生体重较大组（1251 - 1500克和体重≥1500克）自发消退频率分别为40%和50%，但另一方面，出生体重低于1000克的婴儿完全恢复率仅为26%（6/23例）。25名儿童的49只眼睛检测到需要治疗的“阈值性视网膜病变”（3期以上）。16名儿童（32只眼）双眼进行了冷冻治疗，9名患者（16只眼）进行了激光光凝治疗。冷冻治疗后26只眼ROP病情好转，但6只眼症状进展到5期。激光光凝治疗后，16只眼恢复；仅1例治疗失败。根据我们的经验，在20年的研究期间，仅2例患者双眼及3名儿童单眼发展到5期ROP。我们的眼科筛查项目证明，及时进行冷冻治疗或激光光凝治疗可预防视网膜病变导致的严重视力损害。尽管患者数量较少，但这项持续20年的基于人群的调查为匈牙利ROP流行病学提供了新的数据。
