WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2010 May;16(3):171-9. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e328337573e.
Drug resistance, particularly through multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB strains, poses a real threat to TB control worldwide. Recent reports from the WHO and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease demonstrate that the emerging epidemic of drug-resistant TB is a global problem, although emphasis has been placed on several 'hot spots' because of lack of good global data.
The present article is aimed at reviewing the available information on drug-resistant TB with special focus on the features of the epidemic in Europe, Russia, Latin America, Asia and specifically China, and to discuss the global perspectives related to drug-resistant TB control and care.
Drug-resistant TB originates from different human errors, including misuse of anti-TB drugs and other reasons related to prescribers, patients and drug producers. Although there is an urgent need for new drugs, a sound public health approach is necessary for their introduction in clinical treatment settings to prevent/avoid creating additional resistance, as has already been observed for first and second-line anti-TB drugs in many settings.
耐药性，尤其是耐多药结核（TB）和广泛耐药结核菌株的耐药性，对全球结核病控制构成了真正的威胁。世界卫生组织和国际防痨和肺病联合会的最新报告表明，耐药结核病的新流行是一个全球性问题，尽管由于缺乏良好的全球数据，几个“热点”受到了重视。
本文旨在回顾现有的耐药结核病信息，特别关注欧洲、俄罗斯、拉丁美洲、亚洲，特别是中国的流行特征，并讨论与耐药结核病控制和护理相关的全球观点。
耐药结核病源于不同的人为失误，包括抗结核药物的误用和与处方者、患者和药物生产者有关的其他原因。虽然迫切需要新药，但需要采取健全的公共卫生方法将其引入临床治疗环境中，以防止/避免产生额外的耐药性，正如在许多环境中已经观察到的一线和二线抗结核药物的情况。
