Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2010 May;16(3):180-5. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283378680.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is of increasing global concern. One of the hardest hit regions is southern Africa. This study focuses on a concise update on recently published developments in the field.
There is mounting evidence from high-coprevalence areas that the TB and HIV pandemics must be viewed as an entity and tackled together. In that context, it has become clear that a shift may be required from standard hospital-based models of care towards community-based approaches. Innovative rapid diagnostics to detect TB drug resistance suitable for the use in resource-poor settings and novel drugs effective against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are currently developed.
In order to allow for a maximum impact of novel interventions on the problem of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB, public health systems and existing TB programs must be strengthened significantly.
耐药结核病（TB）日益受到全球关注。受影响最严重的地区之一是南部非洲。本研究重点关注该领域最近发表的新进展。
从高流行地区获得的越来越多的证据表明，结核病和艾滋病毒大流行必须被视为一个整体，并共同加以解决。在这种情况下，显然需要从以医院为基础的标准护理模式转向以社区为基础的方法。目前正在开发适用于资源匮乏环境的创新性快速诊断方法，以检测 TB 耐药性，以及针对耐药结核分枝杆菌菌株有效的新型药物。
为了使新干预措施对耐多药和广泛耐药结核问题产生最大影响，必须大幅加强公共卫生系统和现有的结核规划。
