Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Contact Dermatitis. 2010 Feb;62(2):88-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01662.x.
Chairs and sofas imported from China to Europe were shown to contain dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a sensitizing, volatile chemical. Many of the sensitized patients also had positive patch test reactions to acrylates.
To analyse the occurrence and strength of DMF sensitization and the appearance of concomitant reactions.
Patch testing with DMF in concentrations of 0.1-0.00001% was carried out in 37 patients. Diethyl fumarate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM), dimethyl maleate (DMM), ethyl acrylate (EA), methyl acrylate (MA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were also tested with a dilution series at equimolar concentrations.
The lowest concentration of DMF eliciting a reaction varied between 0.0001% and 0.1% and all but four patients reacted concurrently to DEF. DEM elicited positive patch test reactions in 21/37 patients and DMM reactions were seen in all 9 patients tested. EA elicited positive reactions in 13/37 patients and a positive MA reaction was seen in 7/37 patients, 2 of whom also reacted to MMA.
The strength of the sensitization to DMF showed variation and concurrent reactions were common. Concurrent reactions to (meth)acrylates were seen in patients, who reacted to lower (0.001% or less) DMF concentration probably elicited by cross-reactivity.
从中国进口到欧洲的椅子和沙发中被发现含有富马酸二甲酯（DMF），这是一种致敏、挥发性化学物质。许多致敏患者对丙烯酸酯也有阳性斑贴试验反应。
分析 DMF 致敏的发生和强度以及伴随反应的出现。
对 37 名患者进行了浓度为 0.1-0.00001%的 DMF 斑贴试验。还以等摩尔浓度的稀释系列测试了富马酸二乙酯（DEF）、马来酸二乙酯（DEM）、马来酸二甲酯（DMM）、丙烯酸乙酯（EA）、丙烯酸甲酯（MA）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）。
引起反应的 DMF 最低浓度在 0.0001%至 0.1%之间变化，除了四名患者外，所有患者均同时对 DEF 产生反应。21/37 名患者对 DEM 产生阳性斑贴试验反应，9 名接受测试的患者均出现 DMM 反应。13/37 名患者对 EA 产生阳性反应，7/37 名患者对 MA 产生阳性反应，其中 2 名患者还对 MMA 产生反应。
DMF 致敏的强度存在差异，同时发生反应很常见。对较低浓度（0.001%或更低）DMF 产生反应的患者也会出现（甲基）丙烯酸酯的伴随反应，这可能是由于交叉反应所致。
