橡胶过敏原斑贴试验 8 年回顾性研究：梅奥诊所的经验。

An 8-year retrospective review of patch testing with rubber allergens: the Mayo Clinic experience.

机构信息

Department of Dermatology and the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

出版信息

Dermatitis. 2010 Jan-Feb;21(1):33-40.

PMID:20137737

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Allergic contact dermatitis from rubber chemicals is increasingly recognized.

OBJECTIVE

To review the results of patch testing with rubber allergens from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2007.

METHODS

Patients who underwent patch testing with a specialized series of rubber allergens were identified.

RESULTS

In total, 773 patients (64.2% female; mean age, 48.6 years) were patch-tested with a rubber series (27 allergens), and 739 (95.6%) were concomitantly patch-tested with a standard allergen series. Commonly affected sites of dermatitis were the hand (49.7%), foot (15.9%), leg (12.0%), and arm (10.9%). The most common occupations were health care worker (16.3%) and homemaker (6.5%); 11.3% were retired. The rate of allergic reaction to at least one rubber allergen was 245 of 773 (31.7%). The allergens that most commonly yielded positive reactions were 4,4-dithiodimorpholine 1% (28/286 [9.8%]), thiuram mix (56/739 [7.6%]), and diphenylguanidine 1% (57/759 [7.5%]).

CONCLUSION

Rubber is a frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Patch testing with a rubber series improved the ability to diagnose allergic contact dermatitis caused by rubber.

摘要

背景

人们越来越多地认识到橡胶化学品引起的过敏性接触性皮炎。

目的

回顾 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2007 年 12 月 31 日期间进行的橡胶过敏原斑贴试验结果。

方法

确定进行了特殊系列橡胶过敏原斑贴试验的患者。

结果

共有 773 例（64.2%为女性；平均年龄 48.6 岁）患者接受了橡胶系列（27 种过敏原）斑贴试验，739 例（95.6%）同时接受了标准过敏原系列斑贴试验。皮炎常见的受累部位是手（49.7%）、脚（15.9%）、腿（12.0%）和手臂（10.9%）。最常见的职业是医护人员（16.3%）和家庭主妇（6.5%）；11.3%为退休人员。至少对一种橡胶过敏原发生过敏反应的发生率为 773 例中的 245 例（31.7%）。最常引起阳性反应的过敏原是 4,4-二硫代二吗啉 1%（28/286 [9.8%]）、硫代氨基甲酸盐混合物（56/739 [7.6%]）和二苯胍 1%（57/759 [7.5%]）。