Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Japan.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Jun 15;62(7-8):827-40. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.01.005. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
Type 1 diabetes has been successfully treated by transplanting islets of Langerhans (islets), endocrine tissue releasing insulin. Serious issues, however, still remain. The administration of immunosuppressive drugs is required to prolong graft functioning; however, side effects of their long-term use on recipients are not fully understood, and cell transplantation therapy without the use of immunosuppressive drugs is desired. To resolve these issues, the encapsulation of isles with a semi-permeable membrane, or bioartificial pancreas, has been attempted. Many groups have reported that it functions very well in small animal models. Few of the bioartificial pancreases, however, were applied to human patients and their clinical outcome was not clear. In this review, we address obstacles and overview new techniques to overcome these issues, such as conformal coating and islet enclosure with cells.
1 型糖尿病已成功通过移植胰岛（胰岛），即释放胰岛素的内分泌组织来治疗。然而，仍存在严重问题。需要使用免疫抑制剂来延长移植物的功能；然而，长期使用这些药物对受者的副作用尚不完全清楚，并且希望进行无需使用免疫抑制剂的细胞移植治疗。为了解决这些问题，已经尝试用半透膜（或生物人工胰腺）对胰岛进行包裹。许多研究小组报告称，它在小动物模型中功能非常好。然而，很少有生物人工胰腺应用于人类患者，其临床结果尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了克服这些问题的障碍和新技术概述，例如共形涂层和细胞包裹胰岛。
