Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Aug;56(2):142-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.01.013. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
Emergency care serves a key function within health care systems by providing an entry point to health care and by decreasing morbidity and mortality. Although primarily focused on evaluation and treatment for acute conditions, emergency care also serves as an important locus of provision for preventive care with regard to injuries and disease progression. Despite its important and increasing role, however, emergency care has been frequently overlooked in the discussion of health systems and delivery platforms, particularly in developing countries. Little research has been done in lower- and middle-income countries on the burden of disease reduction attributable to emergency care, whether through injury treatment and prevention, urgent and emergency treatment of acute conditions, or emergency treatment of complications from chronic conditions. There is a critical need for research documenting the role of emergency care services in reducing the global burden of disease. In addition to applying existing methodologies toward this aim, new methodologies should be developed to determine the cost-effectiveness of these interventions and how to effectively cover the costs of and demands for emergency care needs. These analyses could be used to emphasize the public health and clinical importance of emergency care within health systems as policymakers determine health and budgeting priorities in resource-limited settings.
急救护理在医疗保健系统中起着关键作用，为患者提供了进入医疗保健系统的入口，并降低了发病率和死亡率。尽管急救护理主要侧重于评估和治疗急性病症，但它也是提供预防保健的重要场所，涉及到伤害和疾病进展。然而，尽管急救护理的作用重要且日益增加，但在卫生系统和提供平台的讨论中，急救护理经常被忽视，特别是在发展中国家。在中低收入国家，关于归因于急救护理的疾病负担减轻的研究很少，无论是通过伤害治疗和预防、急性病症的紧急和紧急治疗，还是慢性病症并发症的紧急治疗。非常需要研究记录急救护理服务在减轻全球疾病负担方面的作用。除了应用现有的方法来实现这一目标外，还应开发新的方法来确定这些干预措施的成本效益，以及如何有效地支付和满足急救护理需求的费用。这些分析可以用于在政策制定者确定资源有限环境中的卫生和预算重点时，强调急救护理在卫生系统中的公共卫生和临床重要性。
