Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Marienburger Platz 22, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2010 Apr 20;192(2):86-95. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2009.12.003. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
This study analyses the severity and distribution of mineralization defects in the dentin of red and roe deer teeth (mandibular fourth premolars, first and third molars) obtained from individuals that had lived in a fluoride-polluted area along the Czech-German border. Mineralization defects presented as hypomineralized or interglobular dentin. In the P(4)s and M(3)s the entire dentin exhibited areas of defective mineralization, whereas in the M(1)s only the central and inner dentin portions were affected. This suggests that the early periods of dentin formation in the first molar, occurring during the late fetal and early postnatal (milk-feeding) periods of life, are protected against exposure to excess fluoride levels. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that certain protective mechanisms (partial placental diffusion barrier and blood-milk barrier to fluoride, clearance of fluoride from plasma by the rapidly growing skeleton) operate during these ontogenetic periods. Studying fluoride-induced dentin abnormalities in addition to enamel fluorosis broadens the time window during which fluoride effects on the developing dental hard tissues can be recorded. Including dentin in the analysis of dental fluorosis allows a more detailed reconstruction of lifetime fluoride exposure than would be possible by studying enamel fluorosis only, thereby adding to the significance of free-ranging deer as bioindicators of fluoride pollution.
本研究分析了生活在捷克-德国边境氟污染地区的个体的红鹿和狍鹿牙齿（下颌第四前磨牙、第一和第三磨牙）牙本质中矿物质缺陷的严重程度和分布。矿物质缺陷表现为牙本质矿化不全或球间牙本质。在 P(4)s 和 M(3)s 中，整个牙本质都有缺陷矿化区域，而在 M(1)s 中只有中央和内层牙本质受到影响。这表明第一磨牙牙本质形成的早期阶段，即生命晚期胎儿期和早期哺乳期，受到了对过量氟暴露的保护。我们的发现与以下假设一致，即在这些个体发育阶段存在某些保护机制（胎盘扩散屏障和氟血乳屏障部分、快速生长的骨骼对氟的清除）。除了研究氟诱导的釉质氟斑症外，研究牙本质氟斑症还可以扩大记录氟对发育中的牙齿硬组织影响的时间窗口。将牙本质纳入对氟斑症的分析中，比仅研究釉质氟斑症更能详细重建终生氟暴露情况，从而增加了自由放养鹿作为氟污染生物标志物的意义。
