Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Masago 1-2-2, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan.
Clin Oral Investig. 2012 Jun;16(3):835-42. doi: 10.1007/s00784-011-0581-4. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
The effect of exposure to amoxicillin on tooth development remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of amoxicillin on rat incisor odontogenesis. Male Wistar rats weighing approximately 100 g were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 3.0 g/kg body weight amoxicillin. One week after injection, the rats were fixed, and the lower incisors were demineralized and prepared into paraffin sections for light microscopy (LM) and immunohistochemistry. Undemineralized samples were embedded in resin and ground for processing for contact microradiography (CMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Serum calcium, phosphate, and magnesium concentrations were measured. At 1 week after amoxicillin administration, LM, CMR, and SEM revealed a clear increase in the area of interglobular dentin, representing disruption of mineralization by odontoblasts. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated moderate levels of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein family dentin matrix protein 1 in large areas of interglobular dentin. On the other hand, no morphological alteration or hypomineralization was observed in the enamel. Serum calcium values showed no significant differences between the control and experimental rats during the experimental period although both serum phosphate and magnesium levels increased at day 1 after amoxicillin injection. The results suggest that a single dose of amoxicillin specifically affects normal tooth dentin mineralization, but not enamel mineralization in rat incisor odontogenesis. The present results further our understanding of the clinical association between dentin abnormality and amoxicillin exposure during tooth development.
阿莫西林暴露对牙齿发育的影响仍需阐明。本研究旨在探讨阿莫西林对大鼠切牙牙胚发生的影响。雄性 Wistar 大鼠体重约 100 g，单次腹腔注射 3.0 g/kg 体重阿莫西林。注射后 1 周，将大鼠固定，将下切牙脱矿并制备成石蜡切片进行光镜（LM）和免疫组织化学检查。未脱矿的样本包埋在树脂中并进行研磨，用于接触显微射线照相术（CMR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）处理。测量血清钙、磷和镁浓度。阿莫西林给药 1 周后，LM、CMR 和 SEM 显示球间牙本质区域明显增加，代表成牙本质细胞对矿化的破坏。免疫组织化学显示小球间牙本质中大量小整合素结合配体 N-连接糖蛋白家族牙本质基质蛋白 1 呈中度水平。另一方面，釉质未见形态改变或低矿化。尽管在阿莫西林注射后第 1 天血清磷和镁水平升高，但在实验期间，实验组和对照组大鼠的血清钙值无显著差异。结果表明，单次阿莫西林剂量可特异性影响正常牙齿牙本质矿化，但不影响大鼠切牙牙胚发生中的釉质矿化。本研究结果进一步了解了牙齿发育过程中牙本质异常与阿莫西林暴露之间的临床关联。
