University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jul;211(1):278-82. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.015. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Palm oil is enriched in vitamin E in the form of alpha-, gamma-, and delta-tocotrienols. Dietary tocotrienol supplements have been shown to prevent atherosclerosis development in patients and preclinical animal models. However, the mechanistic basis for this health beneficial effect is not well established. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha, gamma, and delta (PPARalpha, PPARgamma, and PPARdelta) are ligand regulated transcription factors that play essential preventive roles in the development of atherosclerosis through regulating energy metabolism and inflammation. In this study, we presented data that the tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) of palm oil activated PPARalpha, PPARgamma, and PPARdelta in reporter based assays. Importantly, TRF attenuated the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice through inducing PPAR target gene liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha) and its down-stream target genes apolipoproteins and cholesterol transporters, suggesting that modulating the activities of PPARs is a key aspect of the in vivo action of tocotrienols.
棕榈油富含维生素 E，形式为α-、γ-和δ-生育三烯酚。饮食补充生育三烯酚已被证明可预防患者和临床前动物模型中的动脉粥样硬化发展。然而，这种有益健康的效果的机制基础尚未得到很好的确立。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 α、γ 和 δ（PPARα、PPARγ 和 PPARδ）是配体调节的转录因子，通过调节能量代谢和炎症，在动脉粥样硬化的发展中发挥着重要的预防作用。在这项研究中，我们提供了数据表明，棕榈油中的生育三烯酚丰富部分（TRF）在基于报告基因的测定中激活了 PPARα、PPARγ 和 PPARδ。重要的是，TRF 通过诱导 PPAR 靶基因肝 X 受体α（LXRα）及其下游靶基因载脂蛋白和胆固醇转运蛋白，减轻了 ApoE-/- 小鼠的动脉粥样硬化发展，表明调节 PPARs 的活性是生育三烯酚体内作用的关键方面。
