Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Mar 15;408(8):1786-99. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.026. Epub 2010 Feb 7.
The decisions on risk management (RM) of contaminated sites in Finland have typically been driven by practical factors such as time and money. However, RM is a multifaceted task that generally involves several additional determinants, e.g. performance and environmental effects of remediation methods, psychological and social factors. Therefore, we adopted a multi-criteria decision analysis approach and developed a decision support tool (DST) that is viable in decision-making in such a complex situation. The basic components of the DST are based on the Dutch REC system. However, our DST is more case-specific and allows the consideration of the type, magnitude and scale of contamination, land use, environmental conditions and socio-cultural aspects (e.g. loss of cultural heritage, image aspects). The construction of the DST was started by structuring the decision problem using a value tree. Based on this work we adopted the Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) for data aggregation. The final DST was demonstrated by two model sites for which the RM alternatives and site-specific data were created on the basis of factual remediation projects and by interviewing experts. The demonstration of the DST was carried out in a workshop where representatives of different stakeholders were requested to rank and weight the decision criteria involved. To get information on the consistency of the ranking of the RM alternatives, we used different weighting techniques (ratio estimation and pair-wise weighting) and alternative ways to treat individual respondents' weights in calculating the preference scores for each RM alternative. These dissimilar approaches resulted in some differences in the preference order of the RM alternatives. The demonstration showed that attention has to be paid to the proper description of the site, the principles of the procedure and the decision criteria. Nevertheless, the procedure proved to enable efficient communication between different stakeholders and the identification of the preferred RM option.
芬兰污染场地风险管理 (RM) 的决策通常受时间和资金等实际因素驱动。然而，RM 是一项多方面的任务，通常涉及几个额外的决定因素，例如补救方法的性能和环境影响、心理和社会因素。因此，我们采用了多准则决策分析方法，并开发了一种决策支持工具 (DST)，该工具在这种复杂情况下的决策中是可行的。DST 的基本组件基于荷兰 REC 系统。然而，我们的 DST 更具针对性，可以考虑污染类型、程度和规模、土地利用、环境条件和社会文化方面（例如文化遗产损失、形象方面）。DST 的构建是通过使用价值树来构建决策问题开始的。在此基础上，我们采用了多属性价值理论 (MAVT) 进行数据聚合。最后通过两个模型场地演示了 DST，这些模型场地是根据实际修复项目和对专家的访谈为 RM 替代方案和特定场地的数据创建的。在一次研讨会上进行了 DST 的演示，邀请了不同利益相关者的代表对所涉及的决策标准进行排名和加权。为了获取关于 RM 替代方案排名一致性的信息，我们使用了不同的加权技术（比率估计和两两加权）和处理个别受访者权重的替代方法来计算每个 RM 替代方案的偏好得分。这些不同的方法导致 RM 替代方案的偏好顺序存在一些差异。演示表明，必须注意适当描述场地、程序原则和决策标准。尽管如此，该程序已被证明能够在不同利益相关者之间进行有效的沟通，并确定首选的 RM 选项。
