Department of Internal Medicine, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL-60064, United States.
Int J Cardiol. 2010 Jul 9;142(2):113-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.11.021. Epub 2010 Feb 7.
Cardiac syndrome X is a heterogeneous entity, both clinically and pathophysiologically, encompassing a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. Management of this syndrome represents a major challenge to the treating physician. They often seek medical care because of recurring and disabling chest pain, which may imply repetitive and costly invasive and non-invasive investigations. A careful patient evaluation for underlying pathophysiologic mechanism and exclusion of other causes of chest pain along with attention to various psychological aspects is helpful in reducing the stress and suffering of these patients. This article reviews the available literature on the pathophysiology and current controversies surrounding the management of this difficult to treat condition.
心脏综合征 X 在临床上和病理生理学上是一种异质实体，包含多种发病机制。这种综合征的治疗对治疗医生来说是一个重大挑战。他们经常因反复发作和致残性胸痛而寻求医疗，这可能意味着需要进行重复且昂贵的侵入性和非侵入性检查。仔细评估患者的潜在病理生理机制，排除胸痛的其他原因，并关注各种心理方面，有助于减轻这些患者的压力和痛苦。本文回顾了关于这种难以治疗疾病的病理生理学和当前争议的现有文献。
