Grassi Massimo, Casco Clara
University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2010 Feb;72(2):378-86. doi: 10.3758/APP.72.2.378.
Two disks moving from opposite points in space, overlapping, and stopping at one another's starting point can be seen as either bouncing off one another or streaming through one another. With silent displays, observers report streaming, whereas, if a sound is played when the disks are in the overlap region, observers report bouncing. The change in perception is thought to be modulated by a lack of attention that inhibits the integration of the motion signal when disks overlap and by the sound that increases the congruence of the display, in comparison with a real elastic bounce. Here, we accompanied the disks' motion with either a bounce-congruent sound (a billiard ball) or with bounce-incongruent sounds (a water drop, a firework). When the sound was switched on 200 msec before the disks' overlap, (1) all the audiovisual displays induced more bounce responses than did the silent display, but (2) the bounce-congruent sound induced more bounce responses than did the bounce-incongruent sounds. However, when the sound was switched on at the disks' overlap, only the first result was observed. These results highlight both the role of attention and that of sound congruence.
两个从空间中相对点移动、重叠并在彼此起点处停止的圆盘，可以被视为相互反弹或相互穿过。在无声显示的情况下，观察者报告为穿过，而当圆盘处于重叠区域时播放声音，观察者则报告为反弹。这种感知上的变化被认为是由注意力缺乏所调节的，注意力缺乏会在圆盘重叠时抑制运动信号的整合，同时声音与真实的弹性反弹相比增加了显示的一致性。在这里，我们让圆盘的运动伴随着与反弹一致的声音（台球撞击声）或与反弹不一致的声音（水滴声、烟花声）。当在圆盘重叠前200毫秒打开声音时，（1）所有视听显示比无声显示引发了更多的反弹反应，但（2）与反弹不一致的声音相比，与反弹一致的声音引发了更多的反弹反应。然而，当在圆盘重叠时打开声音，只观察到了第一个结果。这些结果突出了注意力和声音一致性的作用。
