Deo Vikas, Bhongade Manohar L, Ansari Salman, Chavan Ramesh S
Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2009 Oct-Dec;20(4):466-70. doi: 10.4103/0970-9290.59456.
A relationship between poor periodontal health and respiratory disease has been suggested by a number of recent studies. The present study was undertaken to evaluate potential association between respiratory diseases and periodontal health status and to co-relate the severity of periodontal disease with that of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
150 patients of COPD (test group) and 50 Patients without COPD (control group) were recruited for the study. Information regarding patient's demographic and socioeconomic status and lifestyle (history of smoking) were considered in the study. Patients with COPD were grouped into mild, moderate and severe category on the basis of Spirometry. Periodontal health was assessed by measuring probing pocket depth, Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) and Oral Hygiene Index (OHI).
The results showed that the subjects with COPD had significantly more mean CAL) and a higher mean OHI than those without COPD. The risk for COPD appeared to be significantly elevated when attachment loss was found to be severe. A trend was noted in that lung function appeared to diminish as the amount of attachment loss increased.
On the basis of the observed results of the study it can be concluded that the risk for COPD appeared to be significantly elevated when attachment loss was found to be severe. It is conceivable that oral interventions that improve oral health status may prove to lower the severity of lung infection in susceptible populations.
近期多项研究表明牙周健康状况不佳与呼吸道疾病之间存在关联。本研究旨在评估呼吸道疾病与牙周健康状况之间的潜在关联，并将牙周疾病的严重程度与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的严重程度进行相关性分析。
招募150例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者（试验组）和50例非慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者（对照组）进行研究。研究中考虑了患者的人口统计学和社会经济状况以及生活方式（吸烟史）。根据肺功能测定结果，将慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者分为轻度、中度和重度组。通过测量探诊深度、临床附着丧失（CAL）和口腔卫生指数（OHI）来评估牙周健康状况。
结果显示，慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的平均临床附着丧失（CAL）显著高于非慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者，平均口腔卫生指数（OHI）也更高。当发现附着丧失严重时，患慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险似乎显著升高。观察到一种趋势，即随着附着丧失量的增加，肺功能似乎会下降。
根据本研究的观察结果可以得出结论，当发现附着丧失严重时，患慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险似乎显著升高。可以设想，改善口腔健康状况的口腔干预措施可能会降低易感人群肺部感染的严重程度。
