Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaussstrasse 17, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany,
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2010;120:21-49. doi: 10.1007/10_2009_58.
The Gram-positive soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum was discovered as a natural overproducer of glutamate about 50 years ago. Linked to the steadily increasing economical importance of this microorganism for production of glutamate and other amino acids, the quest for efficient production strains has been an intense area of research during the past few decades. Efficient production strains were created by applying classical mutagenesis and selection and especially metabolic engineering strategies with the advent of recombinant DNA technology. Hereby experimental and computational approaches have provided fascinating insights into the metabolism of this microorganism and directed strain engineering. Today, C. glutamicum is applied to the industrial production of more than 2 million tons of amino acids per year. The huge achievements in recent years, including the sequencing of the complete genome and efficient post genomic approaches, now provide the basis for a new, fascinating era of research - analysis of metabolic and regulatory properties of C. glutamicum on a global scale towards novel and superior bioprocesses.
大约 50 年前，人们发现革兰氏阳性土壤细菌谷氨酸棒杆菌是谷氨酸的天然高产菌。由于该微生物在生产谷氨酸和其他氨基酸方面的经济重要性稳步增加，因此在过去几十年中，高效生产菌株的研究一直是一个热点。随着重组 DNA 技术的出现，通过应用经典诱变和选择，特别是代谢工程策略，创造了高效生产菌株。在此过程中，实验和计算方法为该微生物的代谢提供了引人入胜的见解，并指导了菌株工程。如今，谷氨酸棒杆菌每年用于工业生产 200 多万吨氨基酸。近年来取得了巨大成就，包括完成基因组测序和高效的后基因组方法，为一个新的、引人入胜的研究时代提供了基础——在全球范围内分析谷氨酸棒杆菌的代谢和调控特性，以开发新型、更优的生物工艺。
