Sotnichenko S A, Markelova E V, Skliar L F, Gel'tser B I
Ter Arkh. 2009;81(11):16-21.
to study the immune system in patients with tuberculosis-associated HIV infection at different stages of disease and during antiretroviral therapy (ARVT).
The study included 90 patients with tuberculosis-associated HIV infection; a control group comprised 117 HIV-infected patients. The total number of T lymphocytes and their subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) and the levels of the cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-6, and their soluble receptors SRp55 of TNF-alpha (type I), SRp75 of TNF-alpha (type II), and SR of IL-6 in the serum.
T-cell immunodeficiency was detected at all stages of HIV infection accompanied by CD3+ and CD4+ cell deficiency and decreased immunoregulatory index. The cytokine profile changes were indicative of a more noticeable reduction in the functional activity of T helper cells type I in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis.
The efficiency of ARVT in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis was confirmed by a lower viral load and higher CD4+ cells. Heterodirectional changes in the content of cytokines and their receptors characterized by a considerable increase in the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, SR of TNF-alpha and a drastic reduction in the level of SR of IL-6 may be considered as a marker of immune recovery.
研究结核合并人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者在疾病不同阶段及抗逆转录病毒治疗（ARVT）期间的免疫系统。
该研究纳入90例结核合并HIV感染患者；对照组包括117例HIV感染患者。检测血清中T淋巴细胞及其亚群（CD3 +、CD4 +和CD8 +）总数以及细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6及其可溶性受体TNF-α的SRp55（I型）、TNF-α的SRp75（II型）和IL-6的SR水平。
在HIV感染的所有阶段均检测到T细胞免疫缺陷，伴有CD3 +和CD4 +细胞缺乏以及免疫调节指数降低。细胞因子谱变化表明，HIV相关结核病患者中I型辅助性T细胞的功能活性下降更为明显。
HIV相关结核病患者接受ARVT的疗效通过较低的病毒载量和较高的CD4 +细胞得以证实。细胞因子及其受体含量的异向变化，表现为TNF-α、IL-6、TNF-α的SR水平显著升高以及IL-6的SR水平急剧降低，可被视为免疫恢复的标志物。
