Department of Health System Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60612, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2010 Mar-Apr;20(2):146-55. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2009.11.015. Epub 2010 Feb 7.
African-American adolescent females tend to initiate participation in sexual activity at an earlier age than Caucasian adolescent females. Early initial participation in sexual activity is associated with increased risk of HIV infection. However, limited prospective data are available on the rate at which African-American adolescent females delay their initial participation in sexual activity. The purpose is to determine low-income, inner-city, African-American adolescent females' survival or continued nonparticipation in sexual activity over a 20-month period and to determine predictors associated with survival.
A longitudinal, quasi-experimental research design with multiple data collection points was used. The convenience sample consisted of 396 African-American females with a mean age of 12.4 years (SD = 1.1 years) and their mothers. The adolescents completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of maternal monitoring, HIV transmission knowledge, self-efficacy to refuse sex, intention to refuse sex, and age. Their mothers completed questionnaires assessing perception of maternal monitoring, safer sex self-efficacy, marital status, and educational level. At baseline, the adolescents reported nonparticipation in sexual activity. Survival analysis was conducted to determine the timing and predictors of sexual activity initiation for these adolescents.
Of the 396 adolescents, 28.5% did not survive; they participated in sexual activity within the 20-month period. Predictors of non-survival were the adolescents' age, perception of maternal monitoring, and intention to refuse sex.
Findings suggest interventions that increase maternal monitoring and adolescents' intentions to refuse sex could be beneficial in delaying sexual activity.
非裔美国少女比白种人少女更早开始性行为。早期开始性行为会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险。然而，关于非裔美国少女延迟初次性行为的速度，目前可获得的前瞻性数据有限。本研究旨在确定低收入、城市内城区的非裔美国少女在 20 个月的时间内是否继续保持或延迟初次性行为，并确定与生存相关的预测因素。
采用具有多个数据收集点的纵向、准实验研究设计。方便样本由 396 名年龄在 12.4 岁（SD=1.1 岁）的非裔美国少女及其母亲组成。这些青少年完成了评估母亲监督感知、HIV 传播知识、拒绝性行为的自我效能感、拒绝性行为的意图和年龄的问卷。她们的母亲完成了评估母亲监督感知、安全性行为自我效能感、婚姻状况和教育水平的问卷。在基线时，青少年报告没有参与性行为。进行生存分析以确定这些青少年开始性行为的时间和预测因素。
在 396 名青少年中，有 28.5%的人未能幸存；他们在 20 个月内参与了性行为。非幸存的预测因素是青少年的年龄、对母亲监督的感知和拒绝性行为的意图。
研究结果表明，增加母亲监督和青少年拒绝性行为的意图的干预措施可能有助于延迟性行为。
