Barkus Emma, Stirling John, French Paul, Morrison Anthony, Bentall Richard, Lewis Shôn
Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2010 Feb;198(2):99-104. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181cc418a.
Both schizotypy and at-risk mental states (ARMS: prodromal states) define individuals at risk for psychotic symptoms. However, the relationship between the 2 is unclear. ARMS individuals are, by definition, help-seeking and therefore at greater risk. We tested whether high schizotypes and ARMS exist along the same continuum by examining maladaptive metacognitions and distress. About 95 healthy volunteers (39% male; mean age, 22.8 years) completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, the Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale, Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ), and the General Health Questionnaire, and 58 help seeking individuals with ARMS status (41% male; mean age, 22.2 years) completed the Metacognitions Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire. With increasing expression of schizotypy and hallucinatory proneness healthy volunteers became difficult to differentiate from ARMS patients and showed similarities in distress and metacognitive abnormalities. Results suggest healthy volunteers who express both schizotypal trait and proneness to hallucinations have cognitive processes in common with ARMS patients.
分裂型特质和高危精神状态（ARMS：前驱状态）都定义了有出现精神病性症状风险的个体。然而，二者之间的关系尚不清楚。根据定义，处于ARMS状态的个体主动寻求帮助，因此风险更大。我们通过检查适应不良的元认知和痛苦程度，来测试高分裂型特质个体和处于ARMS状态的个体是否存在于同一连续体上。约95名健康志愿者（39%为男性；平均年龄22.8岁）完成了分裂型人格问卷、洛内-斯莱德幻觉量表、元认知问卷（MCQ）和一般健康问卷，58名处于ARMS状态且主动寻求帮助的个体（41%为男性；平均年龄22.2岁）完成了元认知问卷和一般健康问卷。随着分裂型特质和幻觉倾向表达的增加，健康志愿者与处于ARMS状态的患者越来越难以区分，并且在痛苦程度和元认知异常方面表现出相似性。结果表明，既表现出分裂型特质又有幻觉倾向的健康志愿者与处于ARMS状态的患者有共同的认知过程。
