Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsö, Norway.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2011 Mar;46(3):207-18. doi: 10.1007/s00127-010-0182-6. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
This study aimed to study conditions associated with depressive symptoms at ages 8 and 18 in a representative birth cohort of Finnish males.
The participants in this community-based 10-year follow-up study consisted of 2,348 boys born in 1981. At age 8, three informant sources were used: parents, teachers, and the children themselves. Depressive symptoms were established using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). At age 18, self-report questionnaires were used to study the boys' family factors, life events, adaptive functioning, and substance use. Depressive symptoms at age 18 were established using Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI).
Poor adaptive functioning at age 18 was independently associated with both child and late adolescent depressive symptoms. Use of illicit drugs and somatic health problems were independently associated with later depressive symptoms. Parental divorce in early childhood independently predicted depressive symptoms both in childhood and in late adolescence. Teacher reports of child's total problems at age 8 independently predicted depressive symptoms at age 18.
Depression in males at ages 8 and 18 is particularly associated with stressful life events in childhood, whereas late depression is associated with somatic health problems and substance use. Further population-based studies comparing conditions associated with childhood and adolescent depression are needed.
本研究旨在研究芬兰男性代表性出生队列中 8 岁和 18 岁时与抑郁症状相关的情况。
本研究的参与者包括 1981 年出生的 2348 名男孩，他们参加了一项为期 10 年的社区随访研究。在 8 岁时，使用了三种信息来源：父母、教师和孩子自己。使用儿童抑郁量表（CDI）确定抑郁症状。在 18 岁时，使用自我报告问卷研究男孩的家庭因素、生活事件、适应功能和物质使用情况。使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）确定 18 岁时的抑郁症状。
18 岁时适应功能不良与儿童和青少年晚期的抑郁症状独立相关。使用非法药物和躯体健康问题与以后的抑郁症状独立相关。儿童早期父母离婚独立预测儿童期和青少年晚期的抑郁症状。8 岁时教师报告的儿童总问题独立预测 18 岁时的抑郁症状。
男性在 8 岁和 18 岁时的抑郁与儿童时期的压力生活事件特别相关，而晚期抑郁与躯体健康问题和物质使用有关。需要进一步进行基于人群的研究，比较与儿童期和青少年期抑郁相关的情况。
