Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Centre for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran 051-0003, Japan.
J Plant Res. 2010 Mar;123(2):185-92. doi: 10.1007/s10265-010-0313-x. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Brown algae, together with diatoms and chrysophytes, are a member of the heterokonts. They have either a characteristic life cycle of diplohaplontic alternation of gametophytic and sporophytic generations that are isomorphic or heteromorphic, or a diplontic life cycle. Isogamy, anisogamy and oogamy have been recognized as the mode of sexual reproduction. Brown algae are the characteristic group having elaborated multicellular organization within the heterokonts. In this study, cytoplasmic inheritance of chloroplasts, mitochondria and centrioles was examined, with special focus on sexual reproduction and subsequent zygote development. In oogamy, chloroplasts and mitochondria are inherited maternally. In isogamy, chloroplasts in sporophyte cells are inherited biparentally (maternal or paternal); however, mitochondria (or mitochondrial DNA) derived from the female gamete only remained during zygote development after fertilization. Centrioles in zygotes are definitely derived from the male gamete, irrespective of the sexual reproduction pattern. Female centrioles in zygotes are selectively broken down within 1-2 h after fertilization. The remaining male centrioles play a crucial role as a part of the centrosome for microtubule organization, mitosis, determination of the cytokinetic plane and cytokinesis, as well as for maintaining multicellularity and regular morphogenesis in brown algae.
褐藻与硅藻和金藻一起，是不等鞭毛类的一个成员。它们具有特征生命周期的配子体和孢子体世代的二倍体单倍体交替，或者二倍体生命周期。已识别出同配生殖、异配生殖和卵配生殖为有性生殖的模式。褐藻是不等鞭毛类中具有高度发达的多细胞组织的特征群体。在这项研究中，研究了叶绿体、线粒体和中心粒的细胞质遗传，特别关注有性生殖和随后的合子发育。在卵配生殖中，叶绿体和线粒体是母系遗传的。在同配生殖中，孢子体细胞中的叶绿体是双亲遗传的（母系或父系）；然而，受精后合子发育过程中仅保留来自雌性配子的线粒体（或线粒体 DNA）。合子中的中心粒肯定来自雄性配子，而与有性生殖模式无关。受精后 1-2 小时内，合子中的雌性中心粒被选择性地破坏。剩余的雄性中心粒在微管组织、有丝分裂、细胞分裂平面的确定和胞质分裂、以及维持褐藻的多细胞性和规则形态发生中起着至关重要的作用，作为中心体的一部分。
