Endonuclease activity in nuclei of Physarum polycephalum. Partial purification and characterization.

An endonuclease, present in the microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum, has been partially purified from isolated nuclei by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-75 chromatography. 1. The endonuclease produced single-strand scissions in double-stranded DNA which resulted in the generation of 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl termini. No activity was observed with single-stranded DNA as substrate. 2. The pH optimum was approximately 8.5. 3. Divalent cations were essential for enzyme activity. MnCl2 and MgCl2 gave maximal activity. CaCl2, ZnCl2 or CoCl2 did not activate the enzyme. 4. The endonuclease activity was highly sensitive to monovalent cations. 5. Endonuclease activity was found in two forms after gel filtration: an activity in a homogeneous peak with a molecular weight of approx. 20 000, and an activity that had a heterogeneous molecular weight and which was isolated in a complex with DNA. A possible function of the endonuclease in DNA replication is discussed.