Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011 Mar-Apr;18(2):110-23. doi: 10.1002/cpp.676. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
Cognitive restructuring, in particular in the form of the Socratic method, is widely used by clinicians. However, little research has been published with respect to underlying processes, which has hindered well-accepted explanations of its effectiveness. The aim of this study is to present a new method of analysis of the Socratic method during cognitive restructuring based on the observation of the therapist's verbal behaviour. Using recordings from clinical sessions, 18 sequences were selected in which the Socratic method was applied by six cognitive-behavioural therapists working at a private clinical centre in Madrid. The recordings involved eight patients requiring therapy for various psychological problems. Observations were coded using a category system designed by the authors and that classifies the therapist's verbal behaviour into seven hypothesized functions based on basic behavioural operations. We used the Observer XT software to code the observed sequences. The results are summarized through a preliminary model which considers three different phases of the Socratic method and some functions of the therapist's verbal behaviour in each of these phases: discriminative and reinforcement functions in the starting phase, informative and motivational functions in the course of the debate, and instructional and reinforcement functions in the final phase. We discuss the long-term potential clinical benefits of the current proposal.
认知重构，特别是苏格拉底方法，被临床医生广泛应用。然而，关于其潜在过程的研究很少发表，这阻碍了对其有效性的公认解释。本研究旨在提出一种新的基于治疗师言语行为观察的认知重构中苏格拉底方法的分析方法。使用来自临床会议的录音，从马德里一家私人临床中心工作的六位认知行为治疗师进行的 18 个序列中选择了苏格拉底方法。录音涉及需要治疗各种心理问题的 8 名患者。观察结果使用作者设计的类别系统进行编码，该系统将治疗师的言语行为分为基于基本行为操作的七个假设功能。我们使用 Observer XT 软件对观察到的序列进行编码。结果通过一个初步模型进行总结，该模型考虑了苏格拉底方法的三个不同阶段以及这些阶段中治疗师言语行为的一些功能：起始阶段的辨别和强化功能、辩论过程中的信息和激励功能，以及最终阶段的指导和强化功能。我们讨论了当前提案的长期潜在临床益处。
