The University of Michigan, Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Biology, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0506, USA.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2010 Mar;14(3):289-302. doi: 10.1517/14728221003598922.
Despite advances in the therapeutic approaches for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) at some sites, no substantial improvement in treatment efficacy and survival has occurred over the past several decades. Recent application of molecular biology has focused on the importance of galanin and its receptors as potential therapeutic targets for HNSCC.
Our aim is to examine galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) and galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) as HNSCC therapeutic targets and explore opportunities and strategies for making use of GALR1 and GALR2 signaling.
This review provides recent data about galanin receptor signaling and function in various cell types, especially HNSCC. Signaling through GALR1 induces cell cycle arrest and suppresses proliferation in HNSCC. Similar to GALR1, GALR2 not only induces cell cycle arrest but also apoptosis, which was not observed with GALR1.
GALR1 and GALR2 act as tumor suppressors in HNSCC, in a p53-independent manner. The current data suggest that GALR1 and GALR2 are potentially significant therapeutic targets and prognostic factors in HNSCC.
尽管头颈部鳞状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 某些部位的治疗方法有所进展，但在过去几十年中，治疗效果和生存率并没有实质性提高。最近，分子生物学的应用集中在甘丙肽及其受体作为 HNSCC 潜在治疗靶点的重要性上。
我们的目的是检查甘丙肽受体 1 (GALR1) 和甘丙肽受体 2 (GALR2) 作为 HNSCC 治疗靶点，并探讨利用 GALR1 和 GALR2 信号的机会和策略。
本篇综述提供了关于甘丙肽受体信号在各种细胞类型中的最新数据，特别是在 HNSCC 中。GALR1 信号通路诱导细胞周期停滞并抑制 HNSCC 增殖。与 GALR1 相似，GALR2 不仅诱导细胞周期停滞，还诱导细胞凋亡，而 GALR1 则没有观察到这种作用。
GALR1 和 GALR2 作为肿瘤抑制因子在 HNSCC 中发挥作用，与 p53 无关。目前的数据表明，GALR1 和 GALR2 是 HNSCC 中潜在的重要治疗靶点和预后因素。
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