Govsa Figen, Celik Servet, Aktaş Ekin Ozgür, Aktaş Safiye, Koçak Aytaç, Boydak Bahar, Sen Fatih
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2010 Feb;10(1):3-8.
Anatomical differences in coronary orifices (CO) are important as they are associated with myocardial ischemia and sudden death. The location of coronary orifices to the aortic valve has been studied since it is a determining point in surgical and radiological attempts.
The number, position, and shape of the CO, and their relation to the sinotubular junction (SJ), were studied in 100 normal adult hearts. Student-t test, one- and two-way ANOVA with posthoc Tukey's HSD tests were applied for statistical analysis.
The mean height of the right, non- and left coronary sinuses were 18.75+/- 1.71, 17.86+/- 1.55 and 16.41+/- 1.21 mm, respectively. The mean height of the right, non- and left coronary cusps were measured as 16.2+/- 1.2, 15.9+/- 1.1 and 12.3+/- 2.1 mm, respectively. The left coronary artery (LCA) was observed to arise from the lower part of the SJ in 58% of the patients, while in 29% of them it originated from the SJ, and in 13% of the cases it arose from the upper part of the SJ. The right coronary artery (RCA) arising from the lower part of the SJ was seen in 78% of the patients, while it originated from the SJ in 13% of the patients, and it was observed to arise from the upper part of the SJ in 9 specimens. The diameters of the LCA and RCA were measured as 4.22+/- 0.72 and 3.32+/- 0.82 mm, respectively. An accessory orifice was found on the left in 47 specimens, while it was seen on the right in 54 of them.
The location of the CO should be identified according to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of the sinus. In this study, the frequency of the coronary artery orifices with different locations was provided. Such data will increase the success of coronary interventions and decrease complication rate.
冠状动脉开口（CO）的解剖学差异很重要，因为它们与心肌缺血和猝死有关。冠状动脉开口相对于主动脉瓣的位置已得到研究，因为这是手术和放射学研究中的一个决定性因素。
在100颗正常成年心脏中研究了冠状动脉开口的数量、位置、形状及其与窦管交界（SJ）的关系。采用学生t检验、单因素和双因素方差分析以及事后Tukey's HSD检验进行统计分析。
右冠状动脉窦、无冠状动脉窦和左冠状动脉窦的平均高度分别为18.75±1.71、17.86±1.55和16.41±1.21mm。右冠状动脉瓣、无冠状动脉瓣和左冠状动脉瓣的平均高度分别测量为16.2±1.2、15.9±1.1和12.3±2.1mm。观察到58%的患者左冠状动脉（LCA）起源于窦管交界的下部，29%起源于窦管交界，13%起源于窦管交界的上部。78%的患者右冠状动脉（RCA）起源于窦管交界的下部，13%起源于窦管交界，9个标本中观察到起源于窦管交界的上部。左冠状动脉和右冠状动脉的直径分别测量为4.22±0.72和3.32±0.82mm。47个标本中在左侧发现一个副开口，54个标本中在右侧发现。
应根据窦的垂直和水平表面确定冠状动脉开口的位置。在本研究中，提供了不同位置的冠状动脉开口的频率。这些数据将提高冠状动脉介入治疗的成功率并降低并发症发生率。
