AnthroConsult, Fynsgade 24, 2th, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Feb 14;10:68. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-68.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical dysplasia and cancer, and of genital warts. Few studies have examined attitudes to HPV vaccination since the introduction of HPV vaccines. We aimed to investigate the reasons for young women's acceptance or rejection of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine after its general availability in Denmark.
A literature review assessed attitudes towards HPV vaccination and the information was used to identify relevant questions for telephone and focus group interviews with women aged 16-26 who had decided to receive or reject HPV vaccination. 435 women across Denmark were interviewed by telephone. Qualitative interviews were undertaken in focus groups with 33 women living in Odense who had completed the telephone survey. Four focus groups were set up according to age (16-20 and 21-26 years of age) and acceptance/rejection of the vaccine.
Of 839 women initially contacted by telephone, 794 were included, 411 (49%) said they accepted vaccination but only 201 (24%) had actually received the vaccine and these latter were interviewed. 242 women said they refused vaccination of which 234 were interviewed. Women who were undecided were excluded from the study. Prevention of cervical cancer was the main driver for acceptance of the vaccine, followed by parental encouragement and financial support, personal experience of someone with cancer and recommendation by health-care professionals. The greatest barrier to vaccination was its cost. A lack of information about the benefits of vaccination for sexually active women was also an important barrier and the older participants in particular considered that they were too old to be vaccinated. Knowledge about HPV and its role in the development of cervical cancer and genital warts was poor.
The difference between intention to be vaccinated and starting vaccination was considerable, and a large proportion of women aged 16-26 did not wish to be vaccinated. If the most important barriers to vaccination were addressed (cost and a lack of information about vaccination benefits), it is likely that the uptake of vaccination in Denmark would increase substantially.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是导致宫颈发育不良和宫颈癌以及生殖器疣的必要病因。自 HPV 疫苗问世以来，很少有研究调查人们对 HPV 疫苗接种的态度。本研究旨在调查 HPV 疫苗在丹麦普及后，年轻女性接受或拒绝四价 HPV 疫苗的原因。
文献复习评估了对 HPV 疫苗接种的态度，并利用这些信息确定了对丹麦年龄在 16-26 岁之间已决定接种或拒绝 HPV 疫苗的女性进行电话和焦点小组访谈的相关问题。对 839 名女性进行了电话访谈，其中 435 名女性来自丹麦各地，33 名居住在欧登塞的完成电话调查的女性参加了焦点小组访谈。根据年龄（16-20 岁和 21-26 岁）和疫苗接种的接受/拒绝情况，设立了 4 个焦点小组。
在最初通过电话联系的 839 名女性中，有 794 名女性符合纳入标准，其中 411 名（49%）表示她们接受接种，但只有 201 名（24%）实际接种了疫苗，对这些女性进行了访谈。242 名女性表示拒绝接种，其中 234 名接受了访谈。对疫苗接种犹豫不决的女性被排除在研究之外。预防宫颈癌是接受疫苗接种的主要驱动因素，其次是父母的鼓励和经济支持、个人患癌经历以及医疗保健专业人员的推荐。接种疫苗的最大障碍是费用。缺乏关于疫苗接种对有性行为女性的益处的信息也是一个重要的障碍，特别是年龄较大的参与者认为她们年龄太大，无法接种疫苗。对 HPV 及其在宫颈癌和生殖器疣发展中的作用的了解很差。
接种疫苗的意愿和开始接种之间存在很大差异，许多 16-26 岁的女性不想接种疫苗。如果能解决接种疫苗的最重要障碍（费用和缺乏疫苗接种益处的信息），那么丹麦的疫苗接种率很可能会大幅提高。
