Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
J Adolesc. 2011 Feb;34(1):129-39. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
This study explores the psychosocial working conditions of 7930 Swedish 9th grade students, distributed over 475 classes and 130 schools, in relation to their subjective health using multilevel modeling. At the individual level, students with "strained" working conditions in school (i.e. those experiencing a high level of demands in combination with a low level of control) demonstrated significantly worse health compared to students in "low-strain" situations. "Strained" conditions in combination with a weak school-related sense of coherence were especially unfavourable for health. These findings remained significant when support from teachers, school marks, norm-breaking behaviours, family-relations and certain class- and school-contextual conditions were adjusted for. Thus, while demands are an essential part of school work, this study suggests that high levels of control and a strong school-related sense of coherence can protect against the more detrimental effects on health that high demands at school may cause.
本研究使用多层次模型，探讨了 7930 名瑞典 9 年级学生的心理社会工作条件（分布在 475 个班级和 130 所学校中）与其主观健康之间的关系。在个体层面上，与处于“低压力”环境的学生相比，在学校中经历“高压力”工作环境（即高要求与低控制相结合）的学生健康状况明显更差。在学校相关的适应感较弱的情况下，“高压力”环境对健康尤其不利。当调整教师支持、学校成绩、违规行为、家庭关系以及某些班级和学校环境条件后，这些发现仍然具有统计学意义。因此，虽然要求是学校工作的重要组成部分，但本研究表明，高水平的控制和强烈的学校相关适应感可以预防学校高要求可能对健康造成的更不利影响。
